topic 1 pioneers in microbiology

Question 1

who created the single lens microscope?

Answer 1

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Question 2

what did Anton van Leeuwenhoek observe through his lens while looking at rain water?

Answer 2

live bacteria

Question 3

what are the 3 basic shapes of bacteria?

Answer 3

1.)round or coccus shape 2.) rod or bacillus shape 3.) spiral

Question 4

who was the individual that viewed bacteria for the first time?

Answer 4

Anton van Leewenhoek

Question 5

who created a compound microscope?

Answer 5

Robert Hooke

Question 6

what scientist gave “the cell” it”s name?

Answer 6

Robert Hooke

Question 7

define Spontaneous Generation

Answer 7

life arises from nonliving material

Question 8

define Biogenesis

Answer 8

life only arises from life

Question 9

who was the first scientist to attempt to disprove Spontaneous Generation?

Answer 9

Francesco Redi

Question 10

which scientist continued Francesco Redi work?

Answer 10

Lazaro Spallanzani

Question 11

who was known as the Father of modern microbiology?

Answer 11

Louis Pasteur

Question 12

what is the importance of pasteurization?

Answer 12

kills microorganisms responsible for spoilage

Question 13

what scientist convinced the scientific community that spontaneous generation was a false doctrine?

Answer 13

John Tyndall

Question 14

List the 4 Koch’s postulates in correct order

Answer 14

1. )Microorganism isolated from disease animal
2. )Organism grown in pure culture
3. )Pure culture inoculated animal
4. )Organism is re isolated from the experimentally infected animal

Question 15

list the 3 point to the cell theory

Answer 15

1. )Cell is basic unit of life
2. )All organisms are composed of cells
3. )Cells come from existing cells

Question 16

what are examples of aseptic technique

Answer 16

aseptic surgery or washing your hands before you do anything with your patient or disinfecting

Question 17

what was the first true antibiotic discovered

Answer 17

penicillin

Question 18

who discovered penicillin

Answer 18

Alexander Fleming

Question 19

The very first vaccine designed was to immunize for what human disease

Answer 19

used cow pox virus to vaccinate against SMALL POX

Question 20

are viruses smaller or larger then bacteria

Answer 20

SMALLER

Question 21

define phagocytosis

Answer 21

ingest or engulf other cells or particles

Question 22

Are bacteria used in genetic engineering

Answer 22

YES

Question 23

how many lenses does a compound microscope have

Answer 23

2

Question 24

list 5 contributions of Louis Pasteur

Answer 24

1. )Germ theory of disease
2. )Developed pasteurization
3. )Disproves spontaneous generation
4. )Anthrax vaccine development
5. )Rabies vaccine development

Question 25

define endospores or spores

Answer 25

a heat resistant form of bacteria that cannot be killed by boiling

Question 26

who where the 3 scientist to contribute the the cell theory

Answer 26

Matthias Schleiden Theodor Schwann Robert Virehow

Question 27

what did John Tydall develop

Answer 27

sterilization technique that could kill spores

Question 28

what did Robert Koch develop

Answer 28

pure culture techniques in microbiology

Question 29

what were the 3 contributions of Robert Koch

Answer 29

1. )Koch's postulates (rules) 2. )Isolated tuberculosis bacteria 3. )Isolated cholera bacteria

Question 30

define tuberculosis

Answer 30

causes a bacteria infection in the lungs

Question 31

define cholera

Answer 31

a bacterial infection of intestinal tract that causes large amounts of fluid loss (20 liters/day)

Question 32

what are the 2 things Ignaz Semmelweis demonstrated

Answer 32

1. )Puerperal fever (childbed fever) was contagious | 2. )Proper hand washing by medical care givers could reduce puerperal fever

Question 33

who is known as the Father of Aseptic Surgery

Answer 33

Joseph Lister

Question 34

what did Joseph Lister develop

Answer 34

aseptic surgery

Question 35

who viewed phagocytes for the first time

Answer 35

Eli Metchnikoff

Question 36

what experiment did Francesco Redi do to disprove spontaneous genertation?

Answer 36

JARS. 1 was open the other was sealed shut.

Question 37

what the conclusion for Francesco Redi?

Answer 37

maggots arise from fly eggs not meat by itself

Question 38

what experiment did Lazaro Spallanzani do to disprove spontaneous generation?

Answer 38

he boiled 2 broths. left 1 open and the other sealed.

Question 39

what experiment did Louis Pasteur do to disprove spontaneous generation?

Answer 39

used a swan neck flask