Topic 1: the historical context of mental health Flashcards
1
Q
How is defining abnormality ethnocentric
A
2
Q
How is categorising disorders ethnocentric
A
3
Q
A
4
Q
how is defining abnormality useful
A
5
Q
how is categorising disorders useful
A
6
Q
how is defining abnormality reliable
A
7
Q
how is categorising disorders reliable
A
8
Q
how is definining abnormality valid
A
9
Q
how is categorising disorders valid
A
10
Q
how is rosenhans study ethnocentric
A
- only fucses on pateints and hospitals from the usa and people/hospitals in different countries may be treated differently
11
Q
how is rosenhans study have ethical considerations
A
- confidentiality: other patients information remains confidential
-deception: the nurses in the hospitals were deceieved by believing that they were all diagnosed patients in experiment 2 - protection from harm: Pseudopatients may have caused harm by taking up valuable time
12
Q
how is rosenhans study valid
A
- high in ecological validity: all participats are in real hospital settings and would occur in a real life scenario, naturalistic observation done in the field, the study itself was ecologically valid
- actual results were not valid as patinets diagnosis were not valid
- high population vlidity: hospitals were quite varied
13
Q
how is rosenhans study reliable
A
- high external reliability: there was a large sample of attempts (233) to establosh a consistent effect
14
Q
how is rosenhans study useful
A
- allows people to understand that we should learn more about mental disorders
- shows how it will improve how we treat those with mental disorders
- created the introduction of diagnostic criterias which outlines the specific symptoms a pteint had to show to be diagnosed
15
Q
how is rosenhans study situational
A
- the comparison suggested that the sitatuation in which a person makes a request influences how that request is responded to e.g. a request made in a hospital is typically ignored whereas a request made in a universoty campus is responded to positively
16
Q
strengths of characteristics of mental disorders
A
- validity: assuming the listed symptoms genuinely characterise the disorder, it should help ensure that only people with a particular disorder receieve a diagnosis of that disorder
- reliability: it should help ensure that all clinicians are diagnosing in the same way as eachother
17
Q
weakness of characteristics of mental disorder
A
- validity: many symptoms depend upon self report which decreases validity as patients may not respond accurately
- mental disorders may not be the reason for a given symptom
- the accuracy of a disagnosis may be affected by any biases a clincian might make
18
Q
how is characteristsics of disorders reliable
A
- with the DSM and ICD now having a very clear checklist of symptoms that a person has to be displaying before they can be given a disagnosis of a particular mental disorder, this should help to ensure that clinicians are consistent with one another in their diagnostic praticies
19
Q
how is characteristsics of disorders socially sensitive
A
- an employer may not be concenered about an applicant having a specific phobia as it may be something that would never impact upon their job. however, they may be concerned that having schizophrenia could affect their work and so find other reasons not to employ them
- diagnoses of disorders such as schizophrenia could therefore have unintended negative impacts upon the person receiving the diganosis
20
Q
how is characteristsics of disorders ethnocentric
A
- in some cultures, visual or auditory hallucinations with a religious content are a normal part of religious practices
- in addition, the assessment of disorganised speech may be difficult by linguistic variation in narrative styles across cultures
- the assessment of affect requires sensitivity to differences in styles of emotional expression, eye contact and body language which vary acorss cultures
21
Q
how is characteristsics of disorders useful
A
- receiving a diagnosis is the first step towards receiving treatment
- for disorders that are not as readily self-managed as a specifc phobia might be, this can make a positive difference to a persons life
