(Topic 10) Cohesion & Development - Chapter 5 Flashcards
(22 cards)
what is the Concept of Equifinality
concept that a system can reach the same end state through multiple different pathways.
This means that different initial conditions or paths can lead to the same outcome.
final state can be reached from different paths
what are the Two primary forms of Cohesion
task & social
what is Task Cohesion
commitment among its members to achieve a goal and the capacity to perform successfully as a unit
what is Social Cohesion
the attraction of members
to one another and the group as a whole
what is Collective efficacy
a high level of belief (confidence) about success at the tasks the group accepts
what is Group Potency/Esprit de corps:
feeling of unity commitment, confidence, and enthusiasm for the group shared by most of all of the members
what are the four general antecedents of cohesion in Carron’s general conceptual model of cohesion
- Environmental – ex. social pressures
- Personal – ex. gender, race, age
- Leadership – leadership style
- Team Factors – ex. shared experiences of the group, stability of the group (open vs. closed groups), norms, roles (structural cohesion)
what is the Group Environmental Questionnaire
standardized survey instrument that is used to measure group-level attitudes and behaviors related to the environment
what are the dimensions of Perceived Team Cohesion
1.Individual Attraction to the Group Task (ATG-T)
Member’s feelings about involvement with
group task.
2. Individual Attraction to the Group Social (ATG-S)
Regard for acceptance and interaction with
the group.
3. Group Integration Task (GI-T)
Member’s feelings about achieving group task.
4. Group Integration Social (GI-S)
Member’s feelings about the group as a social
unit.
describe the bi-directional cohesion-performance relationship
success increases a group’s cohesion and cohesive groups tend to outperform less cohesive groups.
what is Tuckman’s five-stage model of group development
Orientation (forming) stage
Conflict (storming) stage
Structure development (norming) stage
Work (performing) stage
Dissolution (adjourning) stage (planned and
unplanned)
what is the forming stage
group members are initially brought together and begin to get to know one another. This is a time of uncertainty and uncertainty as members try to figure out their roles and responsibilities within the group.
what is the Storming stage
group members start to challenge each other and express their differing opinions and perspectives. This can lead to conflict and tension within the group as members try to establish their place within the group and assert their own ideas.
what is the norming stage
group members begin to work together more effectively and develop a sense of unity and cohesiveness. They establish ground rules and agree on how they will work together, and they start to build trust and support among each other.
what is the performing stage
the group is functioning at its best and is able to work together efficiently and effectively to achieve its goals.
what is the Adjourning stage
group begins to wrap up its work and prepare to disband. This is a time of reflection and evaluation, as well as a time to say goodbye to group members and celebrate the group’s accomplishments.
what is the Cyclical models
frameworks or theories that describe how a system or process goes through a series of stages or phases that repeat over time
what is the Successive-stage theories
Successive-stage theories are frameworks or models that describe how a system or process goes through a series of discrete stages or phases as it develops or evolves over time.
what is the Punctuated equilibrium models:
periods of accelerated change - e.g., renorming, storming once again.
Festinger’s theory of cognitive dissonance predicts that…
people who must invest in their group will become committed to it.
What sustains hazing?
Bonding: Increases dependency on the group
Dominance: Establishes hierarchy, status
Commitment: Increases psychological costs and
commitment
Tradition: Defended as a sacred tradition
Dangers of hazing
Ineffective: Not as effective a means of increasing
commitment as other group- level activities
Dangerous: Harmful and fatal in some cases
Illegal: Banded in most jurisdictions
