Topic 2 Flashcards
(29 cards)
The Periodic table is a useful way of
arranging the elements. How does this
arrangement help Chemists?
Elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number. They are also placed in groups, elements in the same group share similar chemical properties.
The elements in the periodic table can be
classified as metals and non-metals. Label
these on the periodic table shown.
The bold line on the Periodic Table separates the metals and non-metals. Metals are found below the line
How can an element be tested to determine if it is a metal or non-metal?
Metals conduct electricity, non-metals do not.
What is a vertical column of elements called in the periodic table?
A vertical column of elements is known as a group
What is a horizontal row of elements called in the periodic table?
A horizontal row of elements is called a period
In what way are elements that are in the
same group similar?
They have the same number of outer electrons e.g. all
elements in group 1 will have 1 electron on their outer shell
What are the names of the following
groups?
Group 1
Group 7
Group 8/0
Group 1 are known as the alkali metals
Group 7 are known as the halogens
Group 0 are known as the noble gases
Name the group which contains
(a) Very reactive metals
(b) Very reactive non-metals
(c) Very unreactive non-metals.
(a) Alkali metals
(b) Halogens
(c) Noble gases
The transition metals are an important
group of metals with a wide number of uses
Used in wires, pans, jewellery etc
What type of particle is every element
made of?
Atoms
Be able to name the three sub-atomic
particles
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
What is at the centre of every atom? What
types of sub-atomic particle does it contain?
The nucleus is found at the centre of an atom, it contains protons and neutrons
Where are the electrons located in an
atom?
The electrons are located on energy levels (outside the
nucleus)
What are the charges on each of the sub-atomic particles?
Protons have a charge of +1
Electrons have a charge of -1
Neutrons have a charge of 0 (they are neutral)
Why are atoms neutral?
Atoms are neutral as the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons
What mass do each of the sub-atomic
particles have?
Protons have a mass of 1
Electrons have a mass of 0
Neutrons have a mass of 1
What is used to put the elements in order in the periodic table?
Atomic number is used to place elements in order on the Periodic Table
What is the atomic number?
The atomic number is the number of protons present in an atom
What is the mass number?
The mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom
Be able to write nuclide notation for any
given atom.
write the nuclide notation for a chlorine
atom with a mass number of 35.
35
Cl
17
How can the number of neutrons in an
atom be calculated?
Number of neutrons = mass number-atomic number
Where are electrons located and arranged within atoms?
Energy levels
What is the maximum number of electrons
that each of the first three electron shells
hold?
2,8,8
What can be said about the number of
electrons in the outer shell of the atoms of
elements in the same group of the periodic
table?
Elements in the same group have the same number of electrons on their outer energy levels
