Topic 2

Question 1

What is a neuron?

Answer 1

a specialized cell transmitting nerve impulses; a nerve cell.

Question 2

What are the 5 kingdoms?

Answer 2

animalia (all multicellular animals)
plantae (all green plants)
fungi (moulds, mushrooms, yeast)
prokaryotae (bacteria, blue-green algae)
protoctista (Amoeba, Paramecium).

Question 3

Characteristic of animalia

Answer 3

Multicellular, no cell wall or chlorophyll, heterotrophic feeders. Examples: all multicellular animals, including: jellyfish, worms, arthropods, molluscs, echinoderms, fish, amphibia, reptiles, birds and mammals

Question 4

Characteristic of plantae

Answer 4

Multicellular, have cell walls and chlorophyll, autotrophic feeders. Examples: all green plants, including: algae, ferns and mosses (plants that do not produce seeds), conifers and flowering plants (plants that do produce seeds)

Question 5

Characteristic of fungi

Answer 5

Multicellular, have cell walls, do not have chlorophyll, saprophytic feeders. Examples: moulds, mushrooms, yeast

Question 6

Characteristic of Protoctista

Answer 6

Usually unicellular, with a nucleus eg amoeba. Examples: amoeba and paramecium

Question 7

Characteristic of Prokaryotes

Answer 7

Unicellular, with no nucleus eg bacteria. Examples: bacteria and blue-green algae

Question 8

Characteristics of a fish

Answer 8

Gills, external fertilisation

Oviparous, poikilotherm

Question 9

Characteristics of an Amphibian

Answer 9

Some lungs or gills, external fertilisation

Oviparous, poikilotherm

Question 10

Characteristics of a Reptile

Answer 10

Lungs, internal fertilisation

Oviparous, poikilotherm

Question 11

Characteristics of a Bird

Answer 11

Lungs, internal fertilisation

Oviparous, homeotherm

Question 12

Characteristics of a Mammal

Answer 12

Lungs, internal fertilisation

Vivaparous, homeotherm

Question 13

Why are Polar bears well adapted for survival in the Arctic?

Answer 13

They have:
a white appearance, as camouflage from prey on the snow and ice
thick layers of fat and fur, for insulation against the cold
a small surface area to volume ratio, to minimise heat loss
a greasy coat, which sheds water after swimming.

Question 14

What is the addictive substance in tobacco?

Answer 14

Nicotine

Question 15

What happen if you glucose level is too low?

Answer 15

Effect on pancreas:insulin not secreted into the blood

Effect on liver:liver does not convert glucose into glycogen

Question 16

What happen if you glucose level is too high?

Answer 16

Effect on pancreas:insulin secreted into the blood

Effect on liver:liver converts glucose into glycogen