Topic 2

Question 1

Define an ionic bond

Answer 1

The strong electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charged ions

Question 2

How does the ionic charge affect the ionic bonding

Answer 2

The greater the charge on an ion the stronger the ionic bond and therefore the higher the melting/boiling point is.

Question 3

How does that ionic radius affect the ionic bonding

Answer 3

Electrostatic attraction gets weaker with distance so small closely packed ions have stronger ionic bonding than larger ions

Question 4

What are the physical properties of ionic bonding

Answer 4

High melting points, often soluble in water but not in nonpolar solvents, don’t conduct electricity when solid but do when molten, can’t be shaped

Question 5

Define covalent bonding

Answer 5

The strong electrostatic attraction between the two positive nuclei and the shared electrons in the bond

Question 6

What are the properties of covalent bonding

Answer 6

Very high melting points, extremely hard, good thermal conductors, insoluble, can’t conduct electricity

Question 7

Why can graphite conduct electricity

Answer 7

Carbon atoms form sheets with each carbon atom sharing three of its electrons this leaves the forth outer electron free to move, making graphite a conductor

Question 8

Define metallic bonding

Answer 8

A lattice of closely packed positive ions in a sea of delocalised electrons

Question 9

Define electronegativity

Answer 9

There ability of an atom to attract the bonding electrons in a covalent bond