Topic 2 Flashcards
(28 cards)
What are the fat soluble and the water soluble vitamins?
fat: A,D,E,K
water: B,C
how did beriberi was discovered?
chicken fed with brown rice recovered compared to chicken fed with white rice
where does the word vitamin come from?
vital amine
what causes beriberi?
thiamine (B1) deficiency
what causes pellagra?
niacin deficiency
Niacin can be synthesized from wich AA?
tryptophan
What can be a benefit and a disadvantage of taking niacin supplements?
lowers blood cholesterol but flushed skin bc of high dosage → back to normal after sustained intake
what are the roles of vitamin B?
coenzyme in energy production rx but does not give extra energy if xs consumption
what can an xs of vit B can cause?
neuropathies, glossitis and red/sore tongue
what is methotrexate?
a compound that is similar to folic acid and blocks the function of folic acid → used to treat leukemia to lower cancer cell replication = inhibits enzymes required for DNA synthesis
how can vit B12 be produced?
can be made industrially or by bacterial fermentation
what is prenicious anemia?
vit B12 deficiency = defects in RBC synthesis because no B12 due to the absence of intrinsic factor
what can cause a vitB12 deficiency?
vegan diet, celiac or Crohn’s disease, some medications and anti-biotics, alcohol in xs
what are the conversion factors for 1 IU of vitA equivalency?
- 3 ug of retinol
0. 6 ug of beta-carotene
what vit A is needed for?
bone growth, reproduction, immune system, skin + mucous membrane, vision (night blindness)
what can be some solution for vit A deficiency in developing countries but why it is implemented?
golden rice or potato (OMG)
people fear OMG and other foods with vitA are not part of their usual diet and supp is not a solution bc not use to take pills
can xs in vit A be toxic?
yes in preformed
what are the roles of vit B12?
RBC formation and CNS
does vit D supp decrease the risk of osteoporosis?
no
what a vit D deficiency causes in children?
rickets
what are the two forms of vit E?
tocopherol + tocotrienol
what vit E is important for?
skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle, RBCs, positive effect on immune system health.
does vit E supp has an effect on cancer or CVD treatment?
no
what is the role of vit K?
activates prothrombin for blood coagulation
