Topic 2-Cell Organization

Question 1

tissue

Answer 1

a group of similar cells that work together to carry out a particular function

Question 2

organ

Answer 2

a group of different tissues that work together to perform a certain function

Question 3

organ system

Answer 3

a group of organs working together to perform a particular function

Question 4

enzymes

Answer 4

catalysts produced by living things

Question 5

catalyst

Answer 5

a substance which increases the speed of a reaction without being changed or used up in the reaction

Question 6

active site

Answer 6

unique shape on an enzyme that fits only onto the substance involved in the reaction

Question 7

amylase

Answer 7

breaks down starch into simple sugars

Question 8

protease

Answer 8

breaks down proteins into amino acids

Question 9

lipase

Answer 9

breaks down lipids (fats) into glycerol and fatty acids

Question 10

bile is produced in…

Answer 10

the liver

Question 11

amylase is produced in…

Answer 11

the salivary glands, the pancreas, and the small intestine

Question 12

protease and lipase are produced in…

Answer 12

the pancreas and the small intestine

Question 13

benedicts test

Answer 13

test for sugars

Question 14

iodine solution

Answer 14

test for starch

Question 15

biuret test

Answer 15

test for proteins

Question 16

sudan III test

Answer 16

test for lipids

Question 17

alveoli

Answer 17

carry out gas exchange

Question 18

double circulatory system

Answer 18

two circuits joined together

Question 19

arteries

Answer 19

carry blood away from the heart (high pressure, thick walls, muscle lined)

Question 20

capillaries

Answer 20

exchange materials (thin permeable walls, small lumen)

Question 21

veins

Answer 21

carry blood to the heart (thin walls, big lumen, valves)

Question 22

red blood cells

Answer 22

carry oxygen from the lungs to all the cells in the body

Question 23

white blood cells

Answer 23

defend against infection

Question 24

platelets

Answer 24

help blood clot

Question 25

plasma

Answer 25

the liquid that carries everything in the blood

Question 26

stents

Answer 26

tubes inserted inside arteries to keep them open

Question 27

statins

Answer 27

drugs that reduce the amount of cholesterol present in the blood stream

Question 28

communicable disease

Answer 28

infectious diseases (bacteria, viruses, parasites and fungi)

Question 29

non communicable diseases

Answer 29

cannot spread through people and animals.

Question 30

factors that affect health

Answer 30

diet, stress, your countries wealth (for good quality hospitals)

Question 31

risk factor

Answer 31

something that increases your likelihood of contracting a disease

Question 32

examples of risk factors

Answer 32

smoking, excessive drinking, radiation, obesity, genetics

Question 33

benign tumour

Answer 33

a tumour that stays in one place and doesn't invade other tissues. usually isn't cancerous

Question 34

malignant tumour

Answer 34

tumour that grows and spreads to neighbouring healthy tissues. also cells can break off and spread to other parts of the body via the blood stream. they are cancerous tumours

Question 35

palisade mesophyll tissue

Answer 35

the part of the leaf where photosynthesis occurs

Question 36

spongy mesophyll tissue

Answer 36

where gases diffuse in and out of cells

Question 37

phloem

Answer 37

transport food, made of elongated living cells with small pores to allow cell sap through. TRANSLOCATION

Question 38

xylem

Answer 38

transport water, made of dead cells joined end to end. TRANSPIRATION

Question 39

transpiration

Answer 39

the loss of water from the plant

Question 40

factors that affect transpiration rate

Answer 40

light intensity, temperature, air flow, and humidity

Question 41

guard cells

Answer 41

open and close stomata