Topic 2 - Genes, Chromosomes & DNA Flashcards
What is the difference between Environmental Characteristics and Inherited Characteristics.
Inherited Characteristics are things about your body which you get from your parents and your ancestors like height and hair colour while Environmental Characteristics are things about your body that you did or happened to you because of everyday things like a 6 pack from exercising or a scar from a cut.
What is inside a Nucleus?
In the Nucleus there are Chromosomes which are made up of genes also called DNA.
What are Chromosomes?
Chromosomes contain DNA which store the info on how make new plant or animal. They always come in pairs and different species have a different number of Chromosomes.
What is DNA’s full name?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
How many Chromosome pairs do fruit fly’s have?
8 pairs ( 16 Chromosomes)
How many Chromosome pairs does a human have?
23 Pairs (46 Chromosomes)
How much Chromosomes does one sex cell contain?
23 Chromosomes.
Why are there only 23 chromosomes in 1 sex cell?
Because when 1 and another combine it makes 46 so you could say that the male cell is the left half of the body and that the female cell is the right side of the body so if it is only male/female cell the chromosomes are lonely but with both male and female the chromosomes aren’t lonely they have pairs now.
What is the difference in the chromosomes in Male and Female?
They’re basically the same except the last pair. A boy have an XY as the last 2 while girls have 2 X’s (XX).
What decides is the baby is a boy or a girl?
Since the male cell has both X and Y then if the Y mixes with the X it will be a boy but if the X mixes with the other X it will make a girl.
What is selective breeding?
When you choose what breeds with what and don’t let it just happen. Example you take a big cow that grows fast and has ok meat and breed it with a small bull that grows slow but has very good meat.
