Topic 2: Lesson 3: Rocks

Question 1

formed by cooling of magma and lava

Answer 1

igneous rock

Question 2

the look and feel of a rock’s surface; scientists call them grains

Answer 2

texture

Question 3

a type of igneous rock that generally contains large crystals and forms when magma cools slowly beneath Earth’s surface

Answer 3

intrusive igneous rock

Question 4

fine-grained igneous rock that forms when magma cools quickly at or near Earth’s surface

Answer 4

extrusive igneous rock

Question 5

molten rock beneath the earth’s surface; cools slowly forming igneous rocks with large crystal

Answer 5

magma

Question 6

liquid magma that reaches the surface; cools quickly forming igneous rocks with small or no crystals

Answer 6

lava

Question 7

extrusive rocks that cool too quickly to form any crystals

Answer 7

glass

Question 8

a type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together

Answer 8

sedimentary rock

Question 9

small, solid pieces of material that come from rocks or living things

Answer 9

sediment

Question 10

processes that break down a rock to form sediments

Answer 10

weathering and erosion

Question 11

the process by which sediments are moved from one place to another

Answer 11

transportation

Question 12

process in which sediment is laid down in new locations

Answer 12

deposition

Question 13

the process that presses sediments together

Answer 13

compaction

Question 14

the process in which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue particles of sediment together

Answer 14

cementation

Question 15

a type of rock that forms from an existing rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions

Answer 15

metamorphic rock

Question 16

a metamorphic rock that gives the rock a layered appearance

Answer 16

foliated metamorphic rock

Question 17

metamorphic rock that does not exhibit a banded or layered appearance; grains are arranged randomly

Answer 17

nonfoliated metamorphic rock