Topic 2 - Microbial diversity Flashcards
Microbial systematics
identification, classification, Nomenclature
Phylogenetic classification
look at the same gene in different organisms, the more mutations and differences the longer since the 2 shared an ancestor
rRNA in Phylogenetic classification
rRNA is very similar in many species because of this it is used as a point to base, how related species are
16s and 18s are what
they are prokaryotic and eukaryotic rRNA and are used to determine genetic change
Complete Ribosomal unit count for prokaryotes and eukaryotes
70s for P and 80s for E
Woese and Wolfe did what
used 16s as a molecular clock to identify and classify microorganisms based on their relatedness
what other genes can be used for phylogenetics
Protein coding genes as almost all organisms need them so they are doing the same job, ATPase, cytochrome C, DNA gyrase, they are used as they change quickly
Who identified the third domain of bacteria and what was it
Woese and Wolfe and it was archaea
Archaea and Bacteria
both are prokaryotic and are only unicellular
Eucarya
are eukaryotic and can have multicellular and unicellular organisms
Eucarya is responsible for what species?
Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, Helminths (worms)
Giardia lamblia (Protozoa) 1
Ingestion of a cyst proceeds into a trophozoite and causes travelers diarrhea
Trypanosoma brucei (Protozoa) 2
is a parasite, mainly of insects but can be passed on to humans and animals, causes African sleeping disease
Archaea-bacteria
Are seen as ancient organisms, living in extreme conditions like thermal vents, salt lakes, antarctic (extremophiles)
Thermophiles, halophiles, methanogens
Organisms that can survive in extreme heat, salinity and anaerobic conditions and produce methane
