Topic 2- Radiation Flashcards
(12 cards)
What is an isotope?
An isotope is an atom that has the same number of protons and electrons but a different number of neutrons.
What is an alpha particle?
An alpha particle is a helium nucleus.it consists of 2 protons and 2 neutrons.
What is a beta particle?
A beta particle is a fast moving, high energy electron.
What is a gamma ray?
A gamma ray is NOT A PARTICLE but is a high energy electromagnetic radiation, carry’s excess energy away from the nucleus.
What is background radiation and how can it be detected?
Background radiation is low level radiation which comes from both natural and man made sources and is all around us all the time. It can be detected with a Geiger- müller (GM) tube connected to a counter.
What is the definition of activity and what is its equation?
Activity is the number of decays per second .
Equation: A= N/t
What is the definition of half life
Half life is the time taken for the activity of a radioactive substance to reduce to half its value.
What is absorbed dose and what is it’s symbol?
Absorbed dose is the energy absorbed per kilogram of tissue, symbol, D.
What is the definition of equivalent dose and, what is it’s symbol and what can it be affected by?
Equivalent dose is the damage caused by radiatio, symbol, H.
Affected by absorbed dose, type of tissue and type of radiation.
What is the symbol for equivalent dose rate?
.
H
What is nuclear fission?
Nuclear fission is when one large nucleus splits to form 2 small nuclei.
What is nuclear fusion?
Nuclear fusion is when 2 small nuclei join to form one large nucleus.
