Topic 2 - States Of Matters + mixtures Flashcards
Describe the arrangement, movement and the relative energy of particles in solids
Strong forces of attraction between particles. Fixed position in regular lattice arrangement. Particles don’t have much energy, vibrate in fixed positions.
Describe the arrangement, movement and the relative energy of particles in liquids
Some force of attraction between particles, free to move past each other. Particles have some energy + constantly moving randomly.
Describe the arrangement, movement and the relative energy of particles in gases
No force of attraction between particles, free to move. Exert pressure when bounce off walls. Particles have lots of energy + constantly move randomly.
What happens when solid turns to liquid?
Solid heated + particles gain enough energy to break free from their positions + melt into a liquid.
What’s it called going from liquid to a solid?
Freezing
What happens when liquid turns to gas?
Liquid is heated + particles gain more energy to break bonds and EVAPORATE into a gas
What’s it called when a gas goes to a liquid?
Condensing
What’s it called going from a solid to a gas?
Subliming
What’s it called going from a gas to a solid?
Deposition
What are the chemical changes that happen in chemical reactions?
Bonds between atoms break + the atoms change places. The reactants are rearranged to form different substances, the products. Chemical changes are hard to reverse.
What does pure mean in everyday life?
Clean or natural
What does pure mean in chemistry?
A substance is pure if it’s completely made up of a single element or compound.
What is a mixture?
When you have more than one compound present or different elements that aren’t all part of a single compound.
How do the MP/BP of a substance show if its pure?
A pure substance has a specific MP + BP eg pure ice melts at 0° + boils at 100°
How do the MP/BP of a substance show if it’s a mixture?
A mixture will have a MP + BP over a range of temperatures.
