Topic 24: Arthropods

Question 1

Arthropod Body Plan

Answer 1

Segmented body, jointed appendages, and a hard exoskeleton.

Question 2

Segmented Body

Answer 2

Arranged into functional units (tagmata) w/ specialized functions

Question 3

Biomineralization

Answer 3

The incorporation of minerals in the sclerotized cuticle.

Question 4

Arthropod Coelom

Answer 4

Is reduced and relies more on hemocoel.

Question 5

Subphylum Trilobita

Answer 5

Extinct marine arthropods w/ segmented body, and pair of undifferentiated biramous limbs.

Question 6

Subphylum Chelocerata

Answer 6

Named for claw-like feeding appendages called chelicerae.

Question 7

Subphylum Chelocerata - Anterior Cephalothorax

Answer 7

Covered by a carapace; a dorsal exoskeleton. 6 pairs of appendages: chelicerae, pedipalps, 4 pairs of legs.

Question 8

Pedipalps

Answer 8

Jointed sensory appendages

Question 9

Chelicerae

Answer 9

Mouthparts adapted for predation or defence.

Question 10

Arachnids

Answer 10

Spiders, scorpions, fluid-feeding predators.

Question 11

Spiders

Answer 11

2 segment chelicerae w/ poison glands, abdominal spinnerets produce silk.

Question 12

Scorpions

Answer 12

Pedipalp modified as grasping pincers; the abdomen is segmented, with a poisonous sting.

Question 13

Mites

Answer 13

Microscopic, no separation between cephalothorax and abdomen.

Question 14

Subphylum Myriapods

Answer 14

Millipedes and centipedes, less tagmatized body plan, tracheal system.

Question 15

Mandibles

Answer 15

Chewing appendages.

Question 16

Millipedes

Answer 16

Detritivores or herbivores, two pairs of jointed legs per body segmented.

Question 17

Centipedes

Answer 17

Fast-moving predators with one pair of jointed legs per segment.

Question 18

Subphylum Crustaceans

Answer 18

Crabs, lobsters, shrimp, body plan with three tagamata: head, thorax, and abdomen. Separate sexes.

Question 19

Head and Thorax Merge

Answer 19

Cephalothorax covered by a carapace.

Question 20

Biramous Limbs

Answer 20

Specialized for feeding and locomation.

Question 21

Maxillae

Answer 21

Limbs for tasting.

Question 22

Subphylum Hexapods

Answer 22

Insects: 6-legged arthropods

Question 23

Clade Insecta

Answer 23

Only invertebrates that evolved wings and flight.
Head: one pair of antennae, 3 pairs of mouth parts
Thorax: 3 pairs of jointed uniramous legs and wings
Abdomen: no limbs

Question 24

Gas exchange

Answer 24

Via tracheal system and spiracles.

Question 25

Incomplete Metamorphosis

Answer 25

Juveniles lack wings, resembles small adults, series of moults to reach adulthood

Question 26

Complete Metamorphosis

Answer 26

Larval stage, wing develop in the pupal stage.