Topic 3

Question 1

Substance that has a fixed chemical
composition throughout

Answer 1

Pure Substance

Question 2

A mixture of various chemical
elements or compounds also
qualifies as a pure substance as long
as the mixture is

Answer 2

Homogeneous

Question 3

Does not have to be of a single
chemical element or compound.

Answer 3

Pure Substance

Question 4

Major Components in Dry Air

Answer 4

Nitrogen - 78.08%
Oxygen - 20.95
Argon - 0.93%
Other - 4%

Question 5

Minor Components in Dry Air (Other 4%)

Answer 5

Carbon Dioxide - 0.033%
Neon - 0.0018%
Helium - 0.0005%
Methane - 0.0002%
Krypton - 0.0001%
Hydrogen - 0.00005%
Xenon - 0.000009%

Question 6

any mixture that is uniform in
composition throughout.

Answer 6

Homogeneous mixture (solutions)

Question 7

3 principal phases

Answer 7

Solid, Liquid, Gas

Question 8

quantity of matter that is
homogeneous throughout in both
chemical composition and physical
structure

Answer 8

Phase

Question 9

strong intermolecular bond

Answer 9

Solid

Question 10

intermediate intermolecular bonds

Answer 10

Liquid

Question 11

weak intermolecular bond

Answer 11

Gas

Question 12

the temperature and pressure above which there is no distinction between the liquid and vapor phases.

Answer 12

Critical Point

Question 13

the temperature and pressure at which all three
phases can exist in equilibrium.

Answer 13

Triple Point

Question 14

change of phase from solid to vapor.

Answer 14

Sublimation

Question 15

change of phase from liquid to vapor.

Answer 15

Vaporization

Question 16

change of phase from vapor to liquid.

Answer 16

Condensation

Question 17

change of phase from solid to liquid.

Answer 17

Fusion or Melting

Question 18

a point on a phase diagram at which both the liquid and gas phases of a substance have the same density, and are therefore indistinguishable.

Answer 18

Critical Point

Question 19

condition in which a mixture of vapor
and liquid can exist together at a given
temperature and pressure.

Answer 19

Saturation

Question 20

the pressure at which the liquid and
vapor phases are in equilibrium at a
given temperature

Answer 20

Saturation pressure

Question 21

Saturation

Answer 21

 For a pure substance there is a
definite relationship between
saturation pressure and saturation
temperature.

 The higher the pressure, the higher
the saturation temperature

Question 22

If a substance exists as a liquid at the
saturation temperature and pressure

Answer 22

Saturated Liquid

Question 23

If the temperature of the liquid is
lower than the saturation temperature
for the existing pressure

Answer 23

sub cooled liquid or compressed liquid.

Question 24

If a substance exists entirely as
vapor at saturation temperature

Answer 24

Saturated Vapor

Question 25

When the vapor is at a temperature greater than the saturation temperature

Answer 25

Superheated vapor

Question 26

Pressure and temperature of superheated vapor

Answer 26

- are independent properties, - temperature may increase while the pressure remains constant

Question 27

amount of energy absorbed or released during a phase-change process.

Answer 27

Latent Heat

Question 28

Latent heat of fusion

Answer 28

- amount of energy absorbed during melting. - equivalent to the amount of energy released during freezing.

Question 29

Latent heat of vaporization

Answer 29

- amount of energy absorbed during vaporization - equivalent to the energy released during condensation.

Question 30

Latent Heat

Answer 30

At 1 atm pressure latent heat of fusion of water 333.7 kJ/kg latent heat of vaporization 2256.5 kJ/kg.

Question 31

ratio of the mass of the vapor to the total mass of both vapor and liquid.

Answer 31

Quality

Question 32

Quality

Answer 32

When a substance exists as part liquid and part vapor at saturation conditions

Question 33

Moisture Content

Answer 33

The moisture content of a substance is the opposite of its quality.

Question 34

defined as the ratio of the mass of the liquid to the total mass of both liquid and vapor

Answer 34

Moisture content

Question 35

any extensive property

Answer 35

Y

Question 36

corresponding intensive property

Answer 36

y

Question 37

v < vf

Answer 37

Compressed Liquid

Question 38

vf < v < vg

Answer 38

Saturated Liquid

Question 39

v > vg

Answer 39

superheated

Question 40

x = 0.0

Answer 40

Saturated Liquid

Question 41

states the pressure of a gas expanding at constant temperature varies inversely to the volume,

Answer 41

Ideal Gas Law

Question 42

Robert Boyle

Answer 42

Ideal Gas Law P1V1 = P2V2 = constant

Question 43

Jacques Charles

Answer 43

concluded that the pressure of a gas varies directly with temperature when the volume is held constant, and the volume varies directly with temperature when the pressure is held constant

Question 44

Jacques Charles

Answer 44

V1 / V2 = T1 / T2 or P1 / P2 = T1 / T2

Question 45

universal gas constant

Answer 45

Ru R = Ru / M

Question 46

Specific heat at constant volume

Answer 46

Cv (for a constant-volume process)

Question 47

Specific heat at constant pressure

Answer 47

Cp (for a constant - pressure process)

Question 48

specific heat ratio

Answer 48

k k = Cp / Cv

Question 49

functions of temperature alone

Answer 49

u, h, Cv, and Cp