Topic 3 - arterial puncture

Question 1

is used in the diagnosis and management of respiratory disorders such as lung
disease

Answer 1

Arterial Blood Gas evaluation

Question 2

provide information about a patient’s oxygenation, ventilation and acid–base
balance, and in the management of electrolyte and acid–base balance in patients with
diabetes and other metabolic disorders

Answer 2

Arterial Blood Gas evaluation

Question 2

A measure of the acidity or alkilinity of the blood

Answer 2

pH

Question 3

are very sensitive to the effects of preanalytical errors; therefore accurate patient assessment and proper specimen collection
and handling are necessary to ensure accurate results.

Answer 3

ABG specimens

Question 4

PARAMEDICAL PERSONNELS

Answer 4

physician
medtechs
nurses
respiratory therapist
level II phlebs

Question 5

used to identify a condition such as accidosis or alkalosis

Answer 5

pH

Question 6

A measure of how much oxygen is dissolved in the blood

Answer 6

PaO2

Question 7

Partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood

Answer 7

PaO2

Question 8

Decreased oxygen levels in the blood increase the respiration rate and vice versa

Answer 8

PaO2

Question 9

Indicates if ventilation is adequate

Answer 9

PaO2

Question 10

Partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood

Answer 10

PaCO2

Question 11

A measure of how much carbon dioxide is dissolved in the blood

Answer 11

PaCO2

Question 12

Evaluates lung function

Answer 12

PaCO2

Question 13

what affects increase of respiratory rate and vice versa

Answer 13

Increased CO2 levels in the blood

Question 14

Alter PaCO2 levels

Answer 14

respiratory disturbances

Question 15

Bicarbonate

Answer 15

HCO3

Question 16

A measure of the amount of bicarbonate buffer system of the kidneys

Answer 16

HCO3

Question 17

alter HCO3 levels

Answer 17

Metabolic and respiratory disturbances

Question 18

Oxygen saturation

Answer 18

O2 saturation

Question 19

The percent of oxygen bound to hemoglobbin

Answer 19

O2 saturation

Question 20

Determines if hemoglobin is carrying the amount of oxygen it is capablle of carrying

Answer 20

O2 saturation

Question 21

A ccalculation of the nonrespiratory part of acid-base balance based on the PaCO2, HCO3, and hemoglobin

Answer 21

Base excess (or deficit)

Question 22

Normal range of Analyte pH

Answer 22

7.35-7.45

Question 23

Normal range of analyte PaO2

Answer 23

80-100 mm Hg

Question 24

Normal range of analyte PaCO2

Answer 24

35-45 mm Hg

Question 25

Normal range of analyte HCO3

Answer 25

22-26 mEq/L

Question 26

Normal range of analyte O2 saturation

Answer 26

97-100%

Question 27

Normal range of analyte base excess (or deficit)

Answer 27

(-2)-(+2) mEq/L

Question 28

Arterial Puncture Sites

Answer 28

Radial Artery Brachial Artery Femoral Artery

Question 29

The first choice and most commonly used site

Answer 29

RADIAL ARTERY

Question 30

Advantages of Radial artery

Answer 30

presence of good collateral circulation easy to palpate less chance of hematoma reduced risk of accidentally puncturing a vein or damaging a nerve

Question 31

Disadvantages of Radial artery

Answer 31

considerable skill is required to puncture it successfully might be difficult to locate on patients with hypovolemia or low cardiac output

Question 32

The second choice used site

Answer 32

BRACHIAL ARTERY

Question 33

Advantages of brachial artery

Answer 33

large and can be relatively easy to locate and palpate preferred artery if a large volume of blood must be collected less pauinful than a radial artery puncture

Question 34

Disadvantages of brachial artery

Answer 34

no direct collateral circulation deeper and harder to puncture Difficult to palpate on obese patients lies close to the basilic vein close to median nerve increased risk of hematoma

Question 35

The largest artery used for arterial puncture

Answer 35

Femoral Artery

Question 36

Advantages of femoral artery

Answer 36

large and easily palpated and punctured only site where arterial sampling is possible

Question 37

disadvantages of femoral artery

Answer 37

poor direct collateral circulation lies close to femoral vein increased risk of infection dislodging plaque buildup requires extended monitoring for hematoma formation