Topic 3 - Globalisation: EQ1 Flashcards
(54 cards)
What are the 4 types of globalisation?
Economic
Social
Political
Cultural
What is economic globalisation?
The growth of TNCs accelerates cross border exchanges of raw material, components, finished manufacturing goods, shares
Or using online purchasing apps such as Amazon on a smart phone
What is social globalisation?
International immigration has created extensive family networks that cross national borders, world city societies become multi ethnic
Global improvements in educational health can be seen over time with rising life expectancy.
Social in connectivity has grown overtime due to connections such as the Internet
What is cultural globalisation?
Successful western culture traits come to dominate in some territories and can be said to be Americanisation of taste or fashion
Globalisation and hybridisation are a more complex outcome that take place as old cultures merge and mode with global influence
What is political globalisation?
The growth of trading blocks allow TNCs to merge and make acquisitions of firms in neighbouring countries, while reduced trade restrictions and tariffs help markets to grow
What has happened to the cost and speed of communication communications?
In the 1500s to the 1800s the main way people were communicate across the world would’ve been through sailing ships which could’ve taken months to get to areas however we have development of trains, propeller aeroplanes and then jet aeroplanes is become a lot easier for different parts of the world to communicate with each other, and now the Internet it can be seen as free to communicate and instant
What is the definition of globalisation?
Globalisation is a process to describe the variety of ways which places and people are now more independent and interconnected with one another then they used to be
What is the impact of globalisation had financially?
- Global capitalism is spread by large TNCs, some with incomes even larger than GDP of many countries.
- The cheap labour and developing economies help supply customers in wealthy nations with goods.
- Trillions of dollars are exchange global leave electronic means every day
What is the impact globalisation has had on population?
- Those with skills in management, finance and IT move around the world to where they are most in demand
- Economic migrant labour flows to areas with higher incomes and higher rewards
What is the impact of globalisation had politically?
- Some TNCs, like News Corp, seek to influence how people think. News Corp owns sky TV, the Sun and the Times newspaper.
- International political organisations have expanded to promote economic growth such as the EU.
- Many trade barriers have been reduced or removed to liberalise world trade
How has globalisation had an impact on communication and information?
- Lower transport cost allowing in increasing long distance tourism.
- Cheaper global phone network which increased mobile phone usage which allows quicker exchange of information online.
- A global village is emerging
What does it mean by the shrinking world?
We could get things from across the world in days from things such as Amazon or we could see how different areas around the world do fashion for example in minutes. We can see things across the world mostly on my phone
What are benefits and problems of containerships?
Benefits:
They can bring large quantities of products on one ship, Give many jobs
Problems:
Environment problems due to the fuel and burning fossil fuels, damage to oceans and ecosystems
Benefits and problems with E-tailing
Benefits:
Can do it from your house or on your phone, able to order products quickly, easy to find
Problems:
Doesn’t give back to the local economy, less likely for people to go into shops and buy
What are the social, economic and environmental issues with E-tailing companies such as Amazon?
Social:
Exploitation of people or materials, natives or tribes in the forests can be forced out
Economic:
Low pay to workers in factories, local shops don’t get any profit
Environmental:
Large amounts of forests are cut down for fuel and space, water can be contaminated
What is the time-space compression?
The relative distances between places seem to shrink due to advanced technology, transport, communication which makes the world feel smaller and more interconnected
How did the WTO affect fishing in Pakistan?
Deep-sea trawlers owned by TNCs were allowed to fish in Pakistan’s coastal waters. Huge trawlers from India and and elsewhere now take most of the catch and Pakistan community is left in poverty
Who is the IMF and what is the aim and how did they do this?
They promote global economic stability and facilities trade. Maintain international financial stability.
Lends money for development processes and tries to force countries to privatise government assets to generate wealth.
TNCs are more likely to come into these countries as they generate more wealth.
Who is the WTO, what is the aim and how do they try and do this?
They believe in free trade and keen to use
trade as an economic growth in the worlds poorest regions
They advocate for trade liberalisation and see to encourage all trade between countries with restrictions.
Increase in trade will mean that there will be more economic growth and more products sent between each country
Who is the World Bank, what is the aim and how do they do this?
They want finance and economic development.
They use bank deposits paid by the worlds wealthiest countries to provide loans for development and the countries that agree to certain conditions
The loans will help countries develop and more people move into this area which will help boost economically
What is a trading blocs with an example. How do they encourage globalisation?
Countries are grouping together as members of trading bloc to promote free trade between them.
A number of these are seen such as the EU and NAFTA. They support trade for their members by removing tariffs between member states. they then create barriers for none members and this helps to protect their own industries. This encourages globalisation as is easier to trade between many different people in the trading bloc
What are the negatives of trading blocs
Non-members are excluded which prevents their development. Some blocs even subside that produces such as farmers in order to protect them from the influence of the global market. it plays a big impact for countries not in the bloc and concrete trade diversion
How has the UK promoted globalisation and what are some issues?
Gave tax breaks the companies investing in areas such as London Docklands. This is an attractive benefit for companies and encourage a large number of overseas financial institutions to relocate there.
It could create an increase in competition between different companies and overseas financial institution could replace the ones already in London.
How has China promoted globalisation and what are some issues with these?
They declared an open policy International businesses in 1978 as it needed a technology an investment for its economy so companies from Europe and the USA relocated into China which brought in jobs and economic growth.
The areas could have cheap labour which can force workers to be exploited and even child labour
