Topic 3 - Particle Model of Matter

Question 1

What is the particle model of matter?

Answer 1

The particle model of matter states that all matter is made up of tiny particles that are in constant motion.

Question 2

True or False: In solids, particles are far apart and move freely.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Fill in the blank: In a liquid, particles are _______ than in a solid.

Answer 3

closer together

Question 4

What state of matter has a definite shape and volume?

Answer 4

Solid

Question 5

What is the main difference between a gas and a liquid?

Answer 5

Gases have no definite shape or volume, while liquids have a definite volume but take the shape of their container.

Question 6

What happens to the particles in a substance when it is heated?

Answer 6

They gain energy and move faster.

Question 7

What is the equation for calculating density?

Answer 7

Density = Mass / Volume

Question 8

What is the SI unit of density?

Answer 8

Kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m³)

Question 9

True or False: Gases are compressible.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

What term describes the change from solid to liquid?

Answer 10

Melting

Question 11

What is the process called when a liquid turns into a gas?

Answer 11

Evaporation

Question 12

Fill in the blank: The temperature at which a liquid boils is called its _______.

Answer 12

boiling point

Question 13

What happens to the volume of a gas when pressure is increased, according to Boyle’s Law?

Answer 13

The volume decreases.

Question 14

What is the equation derived from Boyle’s Law?

Answer 14

P1V1 = P2V2

Question 15

What does the term ‘sublimation’ refer to?

Answer 15

The process of a solid turning directly into a gas without becoming a liquid.

Question 16

True or False: The particles in a gas are tightly packed.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

What is the term for the change from gas to liquid?

Answer 17

Condensation

Question 18

What does the term ‘thermal expansion’ mean?

Answer 18

The increase in volume of a substance as its temperature increases.

Question 19

What is the equation for calculating pressure?

Answer 19

Pressure = Force / Area

Question 20

What is the SI unit of pressure?

Answer 20

Pascals (Pa)

Question 21

Fill in the blank: The state of matter that has particles that vibrate in fixed positions is called _______.

Answer 21

solid

Question 22

What is the term for the amount of space an object occupies?

Answer 22

Volume

Question 23

What is the relationship between temperature and the kinetic energy of particles?

Answer 23

As temperature increases, the kinetic energy of the particles increases.

Question 24

What does the term ‘latent heat’ refer to?

Answer 24

The energy required to change the state of a substance without changing its temperature.

Question 25

What is the latent heat of fusion?

Answer 25

The energy required to change a substance from solid to liquid at its melting point.

Question 26

What is the latent heat of vaporization?

Answer 26

The energy required to change a substance from liquid to gas at its boiling point.

Question 27

True or False: The temperature remains constant during a phase change.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

What is the effect of increased temperature on the volume of a gas?

Answer 28

The volume increases.

Question 29

Fill in the blank: The average kinetic energy of particles is measured by _______.

Answer 29

temperature

Question 30

What happens to particle spacing in a solid when it is heated?

Answer 30

The particles vibrate more but remain closely packed.

Question 31

What is the relationship between pressure and temperature in a gas, according to Gay-Lussac's Law?

Answer 31

Pressure is directly proportional to temperature.

Question 32

True or False: Solids can flow.

Answer 32

False

Question 33

What is the primary reason particles in a gas spread out to fill their container?

Answer 33

They have high kinetic energy and move freely.

Question 34

What is the term for the force exerted by gas particles colliding with the walls of their container?

Answer 34

Gas pressure

Question 35

What happens to the pressure of a gas if its volume decreases while the temperature remains constant?

Answer 35

The pressure increases.

Question 36

Fill in the blank: When a solid is heated, it may undergo _______ to become a liquid.

Answer 36

melting

Question 37

What is the term for the point at which a solid becomes a liquid?

Answer 37

Melting point

Question 38

What is the term for the point at which a liquid becomes a gas?

Answer 38

Boiling point

Question 39

True or False: The density of a substance generally decreases when it is heated.

Answer 39

True

Question 40

What is the term for the energy required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of a substance by one degree Celsius?

Answer 40

Specific heat capacity

Question 41

What is the equation for calculating heat energy?

Answer 41

Q = mcΔT

Question 42

Fill in the blank: The process of a liquid turning into vapor at any temperature is called _______.

Answer 42

evaporation

Question 43

In which state of matter do particles have the most energy?

Answer 43

Gas

Question 44

What happens during condensation?

Answer 44

Gas particles lose energy and come closer together to form a liquid.

Question 45

What is the primary characteristic of liquids compared to solids?

Answer 45

Liquids have a definite volume but take the shape of their container.

Question 46

Pressure in a column of liquid

Answer 46

P = pgh (density x gravitational field strength x height of column) ( units are kg/m^3, N/kg and m, pressure unit is Pa)

Question 47

How do you measure the volume of an irregular object? (RP)

Answer 47

Use an eureka or displacement can : Fill displacement can up to spout Using string, submerge object and wait for all water to be displaced out into beaker. Pour water into measuring cylinder to measure the volume.

Question 48

What is internal energy?

Answer 48

The sum of Kinetic and Potential energy of all particles in a substance

Question 49

Why does temperature stay constant during a change of state?

Answer 49

The particles are gaining potential energy, so temperature does not increase.

Question 50

Density

Answer 50

mass per unit volume of a material

Question 51

How do you measure the volume of a regular object (e.g cuboid)?

Answer 51

Use a ruler (it's that easy)