Topic 3 - Reactions Of Acids

Question 1

State both mass concentration formulas

Answer 1

Mass concentration = Mass(g) / Volume(dm^3)

Mass concentration = Mole concentration x mass of one mole

Question 2

State the formula used to find mole concentration

Answer 2

Mole concentration = Number of Moles / Volume (dm^3)

Question 3

State the formula used to find number of moles using concentration

Answer 3

Number of moles = Concentration x Volume

Question 4

State the general equation for when an acid reacts with a metal oxide

Answer 4

Acid + Metal Oxide –> Salt + Water

Question 5

State the general equation for when an acid reacts with a metal hydroxide

Answer 5

Acid + metal hydroxide –> Salt + water

Question 6

State the general equation for when an acid reacts with a metal carbonate

Answer 6

Acid + metal carbonate –> salt + water + carbon dioxide

Question 7

State the general equation for when an acid reacts with a metal

Answer 7

Acid + Metal –> salt + hydrogen

Question 8

What type of salt is made from hydrochloric acid?

Answer 8

Chloride

Question 9

What type of salt is made from sulfuric acid?

Answer 9

Sulfate

Question 10

What type of salt is made from nitric acid?

Answer 10

Nitrate

Question 11

What type of salt is made from ethanoic acid

Answer 11

Ethanoate

Question 12

What is the ionic equation for neutralisation?

Answer 12

OH- + H+ –> H20

Question 13

Just a reminder that you need to how to do titration calculations

Answer 13

Go do a practice question

Question 14

What do you find out by doing a titration?

Answer 14

The concentration of a substance

Question 15

How does the colour of phenolphthalein change during a titration?

Answer 15

In an acid it is colourless, in an alkali solution it is pink.

Question 16

How does the colour of methyl orange change during a titration?

Answer 16

In an acid it is red, an a neutral solution it is orange, in an alkali solution it is yellow.

Question 17

What can soluble salts be made from?

Answer 17

Either:

An acid and an insoluble base

An acid and a soluble base

Question 18

How do you get a pure, dry sample of an insoluble salt?

Answer 18

Mix the reactants, making sure the base is in excess. Warm the solution to speed up the rate of reaction. Filter off the excess base using a funnel and filter paper. Heat up the filtrate until two thirds of the water has evaporated. Leave in a cool dry place for the crystals to form.

Question 19

What is the pH of a neutral solution?

Answer 19

7

Question 20

What is the pH of an acid

Answer 20

1-6

Question 21

What is the pH of an Alkali?

Answer 21

8-14

Question 22

What is an alkali?

Answer 22

A soluble base dissolved in water

Question 23

What does an alkali release when dissolved in water?

Answer 23

OH- (hydroxide ions)

Question 24

What does an acid release when dissolved in water?

Answer 24

H+ (hydrogen ions)

Question 25

What happens to the concentration of H+ ions when the pH decreases by 1

Answer 25

The concentration of H+ ions increases by 10 times

Question 26

What happens to the concentration of OH- ions when the pH decreases by 1

Answer 26

The concentration of OH- ions decreases by 10 times.

Question 27

What is the concentration of H+ ions at pH 1?

Answer 27

0.1 mol dm^-3

Question 28

Are common salts of sodium, potassium and ammonium soluble or insoluble?

Answer 28

Soluble

Question 29

Are nitrates soluble or insoluble?

Answer 29

Soluble

Question 30

Which chlorides are insoluble?

Answer 30

Silver chloride and lead chloride

Question 31

Which sulphates are insoluble?

Answer 31

Lead, barium and calcium chloride

Question 32

Which carbonates and hydroxides are soluble?

Answer 32

Sodium, potassium and ammonium

Question 33

During electrolysis of a solution, when the metal is more reactive then hydrogen, what will be produced at the cathode?

Answer 33

Hydrogen gas

Question 34

During electrolysis of a solution, when the metal is less reactive then hydrogen, what will be produced at the cathode?

Answer 34

The metal

Question 35

During electrolysis of a solution, if a halide is present, what will be produced at the anode?

Answer 35

The halide

Question 36

During electrolysis of a solution, if a halide is not present, what will be produced at the anode?

Answer 36

Oxygen