Topic 3 - Timber

Question 1

what are some features of butt joints

Answer 1

they are the most basic joint. the corner is joined by glue and/or pins. the joint is simple to construct bacuse it is made of 2 pieces of timber that are butted together at the ends. the joing isn’t very strong. it is easy to make

Question 2

what are some products where butt joints are used

Answer 2

framing in building construction. platform framing. box/cabinet/frame making. woodwork toys

Question 3

what are some strengths of butt joints

Answer 3

easy/simple/quick to make

Question 4

what are some weakness of butt joints

Answer 4

weak joint as it relies on glue. not very aesthetically pleasing. can easily be broken apart. won’t last for a long time

Question 5

what are some features of finger joints

Answer 5

finger joints are made are made by cutting a set of contemporary interlocking profiles in 2 pieces of wood, which are then glued. it is ideal for box constructions. the fingers are lined up with each other and should fit together without any gaps

Question 6

what are some products where finger joints are used

Answer 6

jewellery boxes. cabinet construction. kitchen cupboards

Question 7

what are some strengths of finger joints

Answer 7

makes a strong joint. less wood wasted wgen manufacturing

Question 8

what are some weaknesses of finger joints

Answer 8

can come out crooked. hard to achieve. not very visually appealing

Question 9

what are 2 examples of box joints

Answer 9

finger joints and butt joints

Question 10

what are some features of bridle joints

Answer 10

bridle joints are similar to mortise and tenon joint. the joint can be used on corners. it is a strong joint that can be reinforced with pegs

Question 11

what are some products where bridle joints are used

Answer 11

frames and to join rails, legs and stiles

Question 12

what are some strengths of bridle joints

Answer 12

strong - good for joining 2 pieces together. good for constructing narrow frames. simple join to cut

Question 13

what are some weaknesses of bridle joints

Answer 13

if not cut accurately, the joint won’t be neat

Question 14

what are some features of halving joints

Answer 14

mainly used in framework and is moderately difficult to construct because it constists of 2 channels that interlock and are bonded together with adhesives and sometimes a nail/screw is added for extra strength. this type of joint is useful for supporting or increasing the strength of 2 pieces of timber

Question 15

what are some products where halving joints are used

Answer 15

sometimes these joints can be seen on the strengthening rails of tables and chairs

Question 16

what are some strengths of halving joints

Answer 16

strong joint and quick to make

Question 17

what are some weaknesses of halving joints

Answer 17

difficult to construct

Question 18

what are 2 examples of frame joints

Answer 18

bridle joint and halving joint

Question 19

what are the 2 groups natural timber is classified into

Answer 19

softwoods and hardwoods

Question 20

what are some features of softwood

Answer 20

comes from coniferous trees. is evergreen. trees have needles rather than leaves.is quick growing. has seeds that are housed in cones. is extensively used in joinery. is generally less expensive than hardwood. has generally poor resistance to decay

Question 21

what are 3 different types of softwood

Answer 21

larch, pine and spruce

Question 22

what are some features of larch

Answer 22

reddish in colour with an open grain. good resistance to rot. used for garden fencing and patio decking

Question 23

what are some features of pine

Answer 23

yellow in colour with a contrasting darker grain.. usually contains many knots. used for interior joinery and furniture

Question 24

what are some features of spruce

Answer 24

creamy white in colour. close grain and lightweight. used for interior furniture and stringed musical instruments

Question 25

what are some features of hardwood

Answer 25

comes from deciduous trees. trees love their leaves in winter. trees have broad leaves. is slower growing than softwood. has seeds that are housed in fruit. is generally more expensive than softwood. is generally good resistance to decay

Question 26

what are 4 different types of hardwood

Answer 26

oak, beech, mahogany, balsa

Question 27

what are some features of oak

Answer 27

hard, tough and durable. used for timber framed buildings and high quality furniture

Question 28

what are some features of beech

Answer 28

hard, strong and does not splinter. used for children's wooden toys, benches, furniture and tool hanches

Question 29

what are some features of mahogany

Answer 29

attractive, deep reddish brown colour. relatively easy to work. accepts are highh quality funish. used for high quality furniture

Question 30

what are the 2 groups manufactured timber is classified into

Answer 30

laminated boards and compressed boards

Question 31

what are laminated boards

Answer 31

laminated boards are several layers (veneers) of wood glued together

Question 32

what are compressed boards

Answer 32

compressed boards are particles, chips or flakes of wood glue together under pressure

Question 33

what are some advantages of manufactured timber

Answer 33

they are available in large sheets (2440 mm by 1200mm). they have consistent properties. they are less likely to twist, warp or split. some use recycled or low grade timber. they can be faced with a venner to improve their aesthetic property. they are suited to CNC machining

Question 34

what are 3 types of manufactured timber

Answer 34

plywood, MDF, chipboard

Question 35

what are some features of plywood

Answer 35

made from several layers of veneer, glued with the grain placed at 90° to the next. used in furniture, flooring, roofing and boat building

Question 36

what are some features of MDF (medium density fibreboard)

Answer 36

made from fine fibres of low grade of wood that is glued, under pressure, with a formaldehyde resin. used extensively in 'self assembly' furniture. usually veneered to enhane its appearance

Question 37

what are some features of chipboard

Answer 37

made from chips of low grade wood that is glued together under pressure. used extensively for kitchen worktops where it is usually covered with a polymer laminate such as melamine formaldehyde (MF)

Question 38

what are 4 different conversion processes

Answer 38

baulk cut, through and through cut, tangential cut, quater cut

Question 39

description of a baulk cut

Answer 39

this is the simplist form of conversion. the trunk is simply cut into a square or rectangular section. this involves the bark and evens up the trunk

Question 40

what is a common use of a baulk cut

Answer 40

beams in the construction of timber framed buidings

Question 41

description of a through and through cut

Answer 41

this is the most popular form of conversion and involves sawing the trunk into planks. it is a simple and cost effecrive method; however it can lead to a number of problems with warping and twisting. this stock form is most commonly used with softwoods

Question 42

what is a common use of a through and through cut

Answer 42

many areas of general joinery

Question 43

description of a tangential cut

Answer 43

during this form of conversion the trunk it cut tangentially to the circular trunk. this produces an attractive grain pattern and the wood is less likely to warp and twist. this method is used both for softwoods and hardwoods

Question 44

what is a common use of a tangential cut

Answer 44

manufacturing of furniture

Question 45

description of a quater cut

Answer 45

this is a complex method of conversion that produces a lot of waste. it is expensive in terms of its financial cost and its impact on the environemnt. the trunk is cut radially out from the centre. this stock form of wood is generally used for expensive hardwoods

Question 46

what is a common use of a quater cut

Answer 46

manufacturing of high quality furniture

Question 47

what are some properties of balsa

Answer 47

white or tan colour lightweight. strong/durable. easy to work. very soft. hgh strength to weight ratio