Topic 4 - Bioenergetics Flashcards
(24 cards)
Which of the following absorbs the energy required for photosynthesis?
Chlorophyll
In what part of the cell does photosynthesis take place?
In chloroplasts
What is the word equation for photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide + water ➔ glucose + oxygen
What is the chemical symbol equation for photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 6H2O ➔ C6H12O6 + 6O2
Which type of reaction is photosynthesis?
Endothermic
What can the glucose made during photosynthesis be used for?
Stored as starch for later
Respiration
What is the molecular formula for glucose?
C6H12O6
How do plants get the carbon dioxide required for photosynthesis?
It diffuses from the air into the leaves via stomata
How do plants get the water required for photosynthesis?
t diffuses from the soil into the root hair cells by osmosis
What makes starch a useful long term storage molecule?
It is insoluble in water
One use of glucose is to make amino acids.
What else do plants need to make amino acids?
Nitrate ions
What are the main uses of glucose in plants?
Cellular respiration- break down the glucose to release energy
Make amino acids - which are used to make proteins
What is the role of chlorophyll?
To absorb light energy for photosynthesis
Describe and explain how the rate of photosynthesis varies with temperature.
particles have more energy and move faster, so react more frequently
Rate falls to zero as enzymes denature
Give two examples of how cells use the energy from respiration.
For muscle contraction
To maintain our body temperature
Is respiration an exothermic or endothermic reaction?
Respiration is an exothermic reaction because it involves the release of energy.
Respiration
Respiration is the release of energy from sugar molecules such as glucose
What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?
Glucose + oxygen ➔ carbon dioxide + water
What is metabolism?
The combination of all chemical reactions in an organism
What is glucose converted to during anaerobic respiration in animals?
Lactic acid
Complete the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and fungi:
Glucose ➔ ethanol + carbon dioxide
Which organ in the body removes the lactic acid from the blood.
Liver
How exercise affects the body
In order to move during exercise, we have to
contract
and relax our muscles.
Muscular contraction requires
energy
though, which has to be released by cellular respiration.
Most of the time cells carry out
aerobic
respiration, which is far more efficient but requires
oxygen
.
This means that we have to pump oxygen around the body faster when we exercise.
As a result we increase both our
heart
rate and our breathing rate.
