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Chemistry > Topic 4: Chemical Changes > Flashcards

Topic 4: Chemical Changes Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between the strength of an acid and the concentration of an acid?

A

Strength of an acid - how much acid dissociates
Concentration- how much acid there is in a certain volume

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2
Q

Acid + metal oxide -> ?????

A

Salt + water

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3
Q

Acid + metal hydroxide -> ??????

A

Salt + water

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4
Q

Acid + metal carbonate -> ??????

A

Salt + carbon dioxide + water

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5
Q

Are metal oxides and hydroxides acids or alkalis?

A

Alkalis

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6
Q

What is an acid?

A

A substance that forms aqueous solutions with a pH of less than 7.
They form H+ ions in water

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7
Q

What is a base?

A

A substance with a oH greater than 7

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8
Q

What is an alkali?

A

A base that dissolves in water to form a solution with a pH greater than 7
Form OH- ions in water

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9
Q

Neutralisation equation

A

H+ + OH- -> H2O

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10
Q

What are strong acids?

A

Acids which ionise completely in water.
All acid particles dissociate to release H+ ions

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11
Q

What is a weak acid?

A

Acids that do not fully ionise in solution
Only a small proportion of acid particles dissociate to release H+ ions

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12
Q

What type of reaction is the ionisation of a weak acid?

A

A reversible reaction

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13
Q

What is pH a measure of?

A

The concentration of H+ ions in the solution

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14
Q

If a strong and weak acid have the same concentration, which will have a higher pH?

A

The weaker acid

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15
Q

How does potassium react with water?

A

Fizz + melts + burns

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16
Q

How does sodium react with water?

A

Fizz + melts

17
Q

How does lithium react with water?

A

Fizz

18
Q

How does calcium react with water

A

Fizz

19
Q

How does magnesium react with water?

A

Slowly produces gas over hours/days

20
Q

How does zinc react with water?

A

Slowly oxidises

21
Q

How does iron react with water?

A

Rusts

22
Q

How does copper react with water?

A

It doesn’t

23
Q

How do potassium, sodium, lithium, calcium, magnesium react with oxygen?

A

Burn to produce white oxides

24
Q

What is the difference between combustion and burning?

A

combustion is heating and no flames are produced
in burning most of the energy is converted to light energy and this results in less heat energy as compared to combustion.

25
Q

How do zinc, iron, copper react with oxygen?

A

Combust to produce oxides

26
Q

How do potassium, sodium, lithium react with acid?

A

N/A - too dangerous

27
Q

How do calcium, magnesium,zinc , iron react with acids?

A

They fizz and disappear

28
Q

How does copper react with acids?

A

No reaction unless a concentrated acid

Chemistry (9 decks)

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