Topic 5 Flashcards
sartorius
prox - anterior superior iliac spine
distal - medial surface of the upper part of the shaft of the tibia.
actions:
- hip - flexes, weakly AB, external rotation
- knee - flexion, internal rotation of tibia.
nerve supply - femoral nerve
rectus femoris
prox - anterior inferior iliac spine, ilium just superior to the acetabulum
distal - tibial tuberosity via the patella ligament.
actions - hip flexion
nerve supply - femoral nerve
vastus lateralis
prox - upper lateral part of the intertrochanteric line, lower boarder of the greater trochanter, lateral side of gluteal tuberosity, upper half of the lateral hip of the linea aspera.
distal - tibial tuberosity via tendon of rectus femoris and ligament of patella, blends with iliotibial tract.
actions - extension of knee.
nerve - femoral nerve
vastus medialis
prox - lower medial part of the intertrochanteric line, medial aspect of the proximal femoral shaft, medial lip of the linea aspera, upper two thirds of the medial supracondylar line.
distal - tibia tuberosity via the tendon of the rectus femoris and the patellar ligament, medial condyle of the tibia.
actions - extends knee
nerve - femoral nerve
vastus intermedius
prox - upper two thirds of the anterior and lateral surfaces of the femur.
distal - tibial tuberosity via the tendon of the rectus femoris and patella ligament.
actions - knee extension
nerve supply - femoral nerve
biceps femoris (long head and short head)
prox:
long head - medial part of ischial tuberosity and sacrotuberous ligament
short head - lower half of lateral lip of linea aspera extending to the upper part of the lateral supracondylar line of the femur.
distal - both head of fibula.
actions:
long head - hip extension, external rotation at hip.
short head - knee flexion, external rotation at knee.
nerve - sciatic nerve
semitendinosus
prox - medial aspect of the ischial tuberosity
distal - medial surface of the upper part of the shaft of the tibia.
actions:
hip - extension, internal rotation
knee - flexion, internal rotation
nerve - sciatic nerve
semimembranosus
prox - lateral aspect of the ischial tuberosity
distal - posteromedial surface of the medial tibial condyle
actions:
hip - extension, internal rotation
knee - flexion, internal rotation
nerve - sciatic nerve
using muscles of the thigh as an example, describe the effect on joint function of muscles which cross 2 joints
passive insufficiency - e.g. occurs when hamstring is stretched it becomes harder to fully stretch the leg muscles (calf) because the maximum passive length is insufficient to allow full range of movement at both joints simultaneously.
active insufficiency occurs when you try to extend your hamstring and try to raise your lower leg towards your glutes but struggle.. this is because the maximum length change is insufficient to produce full range of movement at both simultaneously.
gracilis
prox - anterior body of the pubis
- inferior ramus of the pubis
distal - medial surface of the upper part of the shaft of the tibia.
action - hip flexion, abduction, internal rotation and knee flexion
nerve - obturator
pectineus
proximal - superior ramus of pubis
distal - pectineal line of femur
actions - flexion, abduction and internal rotation at hip joint
femoral nerve
adductor magnus
proximal - ischiopubis ramus extending to the inferior part of the ischial tuberosity.
distal - upper part of medial lip of linea aspera of the femur to the medial supracondylar ridge of the femur and the adductor tubercle.
actions - adduction, flexion, extension.
obturator nerve
adductor longus
proximal - anterior aspect of the body of the pubis (between crest of pubis and symphasis).
distal - middle 2 quarters of the medial lip of linear aspera.
actions - adduction of hip.
obturator nerve
adductor brevis
proximal - anterolateral body of the pubis and inferior ramus of the pubis.
distal - proximal half medial lip of linea aspera.
action - adduction, flexion, external rotation at hip joint
obturator nerve
