topic 5

Question 1

Where in the body is thyroxine released from?

Answer 1

thyroid gland

Question 2

The LIVER can turn GLYCOGEN back into GLUCOSE. This occurs when the blood GLUCOSE concentration is —(1)—. The PANCREAS responds by releasing —(2)—, which causes the liver cells to enact this change.

Answer 2

1) too low

2) glucagon

Question 3

what is a hormone

Answer 3

“A CHEMICAL which is produced by an endocrine gland and is transported in the blood to its TARGET EFFECTOR, in order to bring about a change in the body”

Question 4

“A CHEMICAL which is produced by an endocrine gland and is transported in the blood to its TARGET EFFECTOR, in order to bring about a change in the body”- what is this

Answer 4

a hormone

Question 5

The optic nerve transmits electrical impulses from the retina to the…

Answer 5

brain

Question 6

what method of contraception can be 100% effective when used effectively

Answer 6

abstinence

Question 7

what fertility treatment causes the fertilisation of eggs outside the body

Answer 7

IVF

Question 8

Menstruation is triggered by…

Answer 8

a drop is oestrogen and progesterone levels

Question 9

give 3 stages of the menstrual cycle

Answer 9

• thickening of the uterus lining
• ovulation- release of an egg from an ovary
• menstruation- the uterus lining breaks down

Question 10

what is ovulation

Answer 10

release of an egg from an ovary

Question 11

what is menstruation

Answer 11

when the uterus lining breaks down

Question 12

What is the PRIMARY source of the hormone OESTROGEN, which triggers menstruation?

Answer 12

the ovaries

Question 13

The NERVOUS SYSTEM is responsible for —(1)— and —(2)— changes in an organism’s environment.

Answer 13

1) detecting

2) responding to

Question 14

A DIABETIC needs LESS insulin if they…

Answer 14

• eat less sugary food

- or do more exercise

Question 15

What is unusual about a REFLEX ARC compared to other reactions you might experience?

Answer 15

in a reflex arc, the brain is bypassed- the reaction is unconscious

Question 16

Which of these devices work by the slow-release of PROGESTERONE into the bloodstream?

Answer 16

• skin patch
• implant
• depot injection

Question 17

The junction between two neurons where chemicals are released is called…

Answer 17

a synapse

Question 18

give an example of an ethical consideration with regards of IVF

Answer 18

opposers to IVF believe that we do not have the right to artificially create life and may be “playing God”

Question 19

FERTILITY can be reduced through the administration of female hormones (CONTRACEPTION). These work by…

Answer 19

inhibiting FSH release

Question 20

The NERVES that carry electrical signals from the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM to the EFFECTORS are called…

Answer 20

motor neurons

Question 21

The LIVER can turn GLYCOGEN back into GLUCOSE. This occurs when the blood GLUCOSE concentration is —(1)—. The PANCREAS responds by releasing —(2)—, which causes the liver cells to enact this change.

Answer 21

1) too low

2) glucagon

Question 22

TYPE 2 DIABETES is associated with…

Answer 22

obesity

Question 23

Where in the body is thyroxine released from?

Answer 23

thyroid gland

Question 24

During IVF, at what stage of development are cells transferred back into a woman who is undergoing the treatment?

Answer 24

embryonic stage

Question 25

deficiency in THYROXINE during pregnancy can lead to…

Answer 25

problems with newborn growth and development

Question 26

What is the name for the chemical which diffuses across a SYNAPSE to transmit an ELECTRICAL IMPULSE from one neuron to another?

Answer 26

neurotransmitter