Topic 5 The Catholic Threat

Question 1

What were Philips 3 personal aims (reasons for the armadas)?

Answer 1

Co-ruler of England when married Mary Tudor, both devout catholics
Wanted to ensure Spain remained largest and strongest empire in Europe
Planned ‘holy crusade’ re-establish Catholicism in England

Question 2

When did William Allen set up a training college for Catholic Priests in Flanders?

Answer 2

1568

Question 3

Who were seminary priests?

Answer 3

Priests trained in Roman Catholic colleges, sent to England to re-establish catholic faith

Question 4

How many seminary priests were sent to England?

Answer 4

438

Question 5

What were seminary priests prepared to be for their cause?

Answer 5

Martyrs

Question 6

What did Parliament order in 1585 about seminary priests?

Answer 6

Leave country or put to death

Question 7

How many seminary priests were sentenced to death?

Answer 7

98

Question 8

Who were jesuits?

Answer 8

Members of ‘society of Jesus’, aim of destroying Protestantism

Question 9

Who had jesuits sworn an oath of loyalty to?

Answer 9

Pope

Question 10

When did the first Jesuits begin to arrive in England?

Answer 10

1580

Question 11

What were 3 acts that the government passed in response to recusancy?

Answer 11

1581 increased fines against recusants
1585 ordered all Jesuits and seminary priests leave country or killed
1593 banned large gatherings of catholics and confided catholics to 5 mile radius of home

Question 12

What did Edmund Campion do before arriving in England?

Answer 12

Trained as seminary priest then joined Jesuits

Question 13

What did Edmund Campion do in Southern England?

Answer 13

Preached in homes of wealthy catholic families in London

Question 14

What happened to Edmund Campion when he was caught?

Answer 14

Arrested at Lyford, Berkshire, tortured in Tower of London, hung for treason

Question 15

When did Mary Queen of Scots flee across the border and arrive in England?

Answer 15

1568

Question 16

What did Elizabeth decide to do with Mary when she arrived in England?

Answer 16

Hold her captive

Question 17

When was the rebellion of the northern earls?

Answer 17

1569

Question 18

Who was the rebellion of the northern earls led by?

Answer 18

Charles Neville (Earl of Westmoreland)
Thomas Percy (Earl of Northumberland)

Question 19

What was the aim of the rebellion of the northern earls?

Answer 19

Marry Mary to Duke of Norfolk, replace Elizabeth with Mary

Question 20

Why did the northern earls start the rebellion?

Answer 20

Elizabeth’s spies find out about marriage, Norfolk sent to tower

Question 21

What were 3 reasons the rebellion of the northern earls failed?

Answer 21

Poor planning and leadership
Lack of foreign support
Popularity of Elizabeth

Question 22

What were 3 consequences of the rebellion of the northern earls?

Answer 22

800 rebels executed
Norfolk released from prison
Northumberland captured and beheaded for treason

Question 23

When was the excommunication of Elizabeth?

Answer 23

1570

Question 24

What was the excommunication of Elizabeth?

Answer 24

Pope issued papal bull, called all catholics to remove Elizabeth from throne and released from oath of allegiance

Question 25

How did **parliament respond to the excommunication of Elizabeth**?

Answer 25

**Issue new Treason Act in 1571, made it treasonable to declare Elizabeth unlawful queen**

Question 26

When was the **ridolfi plot**?

Answer 26

**1571**

Question 27

Who was the **ridolfi plot organised/led by**?

Answer 27

**Roberto Ridolfi, florentine merchant and banker**

Question 28

Which **5 individuals were involved in the ridolfi plot**?

Answer 28

**Mary** **Duke of Norfolk** **Philip Spain** **De Spes Spanish ambassador** **Pope**

Question 29

What was the **plan** for the **ridolfi plot**?

Answer 29

**Spanish army land, help overthrow Elizabeth, put Mary on throne**

Question 30

Who was the **ridolfi plot discovered by**?

Answer 30

**William Cecil and Francis Walsingham**

Question 31

What were **3 consequences** of the **ridolfi plot**?

Answer 31

**Norfolk sentenced to death for treason** **Ridolfi and De Spes expelled from country** **Elizabeth refused execute Mary**

Question 32

When was the **throckmorton plot**?

Answer 32

**1583-84**

Question 33

Who organised the **throckmorton plot**?

Answer 33

**Francis Throckmorton, English catholic (acted as go between contacting various sides)**

Question 34

What was the **plan** for the **throckmorton plot**?

Answer 34

**french catholic forces**, backed by **Spanish** and **papal money, invade England, free Mary from captivity, overthrow Elizabeth**

Question 35

What were **2 consequences** of the **throckmorton plot** after it was **discovered by Elizabeth’s secret service**?

Answer 35

**Throckmorton arrested, tortured, executed** **Mary moved to Tutbury castle in Staffordshire, banned from receiving visitors, mail checked**

Question 36

When was the **babington plot**?

Answer 36

**1586**

Question 37

Who **organised** the **babington plot**?

Answer 37

**Anthony Babington, young catholic nobleman**

Question 38

What was the **plan** for the **babington plot**?

Answer 38

**Overthrow Elizabeth, put Mary on throne**

Question 39

How was the **babington plot discovered**?

Answer 39

**Letters written in code** between **Babington** and **Mary intercepted by Walsinghams spy network**

Question 40

How was **Walsingham** able to get **absolute proof of Mary’s involvement** in the **Babington Plot**?

Answer 40

**Through deciphering coded letters**

Question 41

What were **3 consequences** of the **babington plot**?

Answer 41

**Babington arrested and confesssed** **He and six other plotters executed** **Walsingham** and other **privy counsellors demanded Mary executed**

Question 42

What did **Elizabeth repeatedly refuse to do** after **Mary was found guilty for treason** and **sentenced to death**?

Answer 42

**Sign her death warrant**

Question 43

When was **Mary executed**?

Answer 43

**8 February 1587**