Topic 5 UK's Human Environment Flashcards
(40 cards)
How do urban and rural areas differ in the UK?
Urban areas have higher population density, younger populations, more economic activity; rural areas have older populations, lower density.
How has migration shaped the UK’s population geography?
Migration, both international and internal, has increased ethnic diversity and changed age structures, especially in urban areas.
What factors have led to a shift in the UK’s economy towards tertiary and quaternary sectors?
Decline in primary and secondary industries (e.g., manufacturing), and the growth of services and technology-based industries.
What impact has the regeneration of London had on the urban environment?
It has led to improvements in infrastructure, housing, and employment opportunities but also gentrification and displacement of local communities.
How does the changing population in London affect services?
Increased demand for healthcare, education, and housing due to population growth.
What is the role of London in the UK economy?
London is the financial hub, with significant contributions from banking, finance, technology, and tourism.
How do income inequalities affect the human landscape in London?
Income inequality leads to disparities in access to services, housing quality, and educational opportunities.
What is the importance of Stratford Olympic Park in the redevelopment of East London?
It has provided new housing, jobs, and recreational spaces, contributing to economic growth and regeneration in the area.
What are the challenges faced by rural areas in the UK?
Rural areas face issues such as declining services, poor transport links, and lower employment opportunities.
What are the effects of suburbanisation in the UK?
Suburbanisation can lead to urban sprawl, loss of green spaces, and increased transport congestion.
How does the UK government support rural areas?
Through funding for infrastructure, rural development programs, and policies to improve rural services.
How does the UK’s industrial heritage affect its human landscape?
Industrial cities, such as Manchester, have a legacy of post-industrial regeneration and social challenges.
How do transport links in London influence its economic success?
Good transport links, such as the Tube and buses, enhance connectivity, making it easier for people to access jobs and services.
What are the causes and impacts of gentrification in urban areas?
Gentrification occurs when wealthier people move into poorer areas, often displacing lower-income residents and changing the area’s character.
What role does the service sector play in the UK economy?
The service sector (especially finance, health, and education) is a major part of the economy, contributing significantly to GDP and employment.
How does the distribution of population affect housing demand?
High population density in cities increases demand for housing, leading to higher prices and a shortage of affordable homes.
How does the cultural diversity of London impact its development?
Cultural diversity influences everything from cuisine to festivals, contributing to a vibrant and dynamic economy and society.
How does urbanisation contribute to environmental challenges?
Urbanisation leads to increased pollution, waste, and strain on natural resources, contributing to the urban heat island effect.
How does the rural-urban divide affect access to healthcare?
Urban areas generally have better access to healthcare facilities, while rural areas may struggle with service availability and transport links.
What are the social characteristics of Newham?
Newham has high ethnic diversity, a younger population, and a higher rate of unemployment compared to many other parts of London.
What economic challenges does Newham face?
Newham has high levels of poverty, unemployment, and low household incomes compared to other boroughs in London.
How has migration shaped Newham’s population?
Newham is highly diverse, with many international migrants from countries like Bangladesh, India, and Nigeria, leading to a young, culturally varied population.
What role has Stratford Olympic Park played in Newham’s development?
Stratford Olympic Park has driven regeneration, increasing housing availability, creating job opportunities, and boosting local infrastructure, but also causing gentrification.
How does Newham’s housing market differ from Richmond’s?
Newham faces higher housing demand, overcrowding, and higher social housing rates, while Richmond offers higher-value properties with lower housing pressures.
