Topic 6 - Plant Structures and Their Functions Flashcards
Word equation for photosynthesis
carbon dioxide + water -> glucose + oxygen
symbol equation for photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O -> C612O6 + 6O2
What factor reduces the rate of transpiration?
Humidity
Where does water vapour leave the plant by transpiration?
Stomata
What is a potometer?
Equipment used to measure the rate of
water uptake by a plant which gives an indication of the rate of
transpiration.
What is the benefit of needle shaped leaves to a cactus?
Reduced surface area for water loss.
Stops animals eating it.
What is translocation?
The movement of dissolved sugars from
the leaves to the rest of the plant for immediate use or storage.
A potometer was set up with a woody stem to estimate the rate of transpiration. An air bubble moved 30 mm in 9 minutes.
Estimate the rate of transpiration and show your working.
Distance moved ÷ time taken
30 ÷ 9 = 3.33 mm min-1
What is the role of the root hair cell?
To absorb water and minerals from the soil
How does the structure of the root hair cell help it carry out its job?
Large surface area enables it to absorb more water
Define ‘active transport’.
Active transport moves substances from a more dilute solution to a
more concentrated solution (against a concentration gradient) using
energy from respiration.
Why does active transport need to occur in root hair cells?
The minerals are at a higher concentration in the roots than in the
soil.
What vessel transports water and minerals around the plant?
Xylem
What vessel transports sucrose around the plant?
Phloem
Which vessel is made from dead cells?
Xylem
