Topic 6) Resource Management Flashcards
What resources require management?
Primary Memory
Secondary Memory
Processor (CPU)
Bandwidth (Network Transmission Capacity)
Screen Resolution
Sound Processor
Cache
Graphics Processor
Network Connectivity
What is the:
Role
Common Capacity
Effect of Limited…
Primary Memory
Stores data for currently running programs
4, 8, 16 GB
——
Fewer programs or processes can run simultaneously
Computer must rely on Virtual Memoy, which is slower
What is the:
Role
Common Capacity
Effect of Limited…
Secondary Storage
Stores all data, including of the OS, program files, and multimedia data
Used as virtual memory when RAM is overloaded
HDD- 500GB, 1TB, 2TB
SSD- 256GB, 512GB
Optical- CD: 650MB, DVD: 4.7GB
Limited VM, Limited number of programs and files that can be stored and used
What are the types of Computing Devices?
Mainframes
Server Farms
What are Mainframes?
One computer with many multicore processors
Has vast amounts of RAM and Secondary Storage
ie. Airline Reservation Systems, Payroll Processing
What are Server Farms?
Consist of many powerful computers connected and working in parallel
ie. Data Centers, Cloud Hosting, 3D Rendering
What are the roles of Operating Systems?
Peripheral Management
Memory Management
Paging
Secondary Storage Management
User Interface
Time Slicing
Interrupts and Interrupt Handlers
Polling
Scheduling
What are Peripherals?
Devices that can be connected to computers, but not essential
What is Memory Management?
Ensuring each program has its own space of RAM, known as memory space
Also ensures that programs dont access or modify memory space of other programs
Manages the virtual memory by paging
What is Paging?
Once data is placed in Secondary Storage, there is an empty space in the RAM, data will then be transferred back.
The swapping is controlled by the Memory Management Unit.
What is Secondary Storage Management?
The structure for files in secondary storage is managed by this, and manages the security of the folders.
What is User Interface?
The way a user can interact with computers, by giving it commands. Any inputs and outputs are translated and sent to/from the correct memory address.
What is Time Slicing?
The set amount of processing time a program or user is allocated for CPU usage.
Each task “takes turns”.
What are Interrupts and Interrupt Handling?
A signal to a processor is emitted by hardware/software indicating an event that needs immediate attention.
The OS then pauses its current action, saving its state, and initialising the ‘Interrupt Handler’ program in order to deal with the ‘high-priority’ event.
What two types of interrupts are there?
- and what are some examples of them?
Hardware Interrupts: Printer paper jam, keyboard press by user, disk drive indicating its ready for more data
Software Interrupts: Software error/malfunction, infinite loop being halted
