Topic 7 - Respiration

Question 1

What is the definition of respiration?

Answer 1

Respiration is a chemical reaction that happens in all ourcells to release energy

Question 2

What else does respiration release apart from energy? (not carbon dioxide or water)

Answer 2

The reaction also releases someheat which is used tomaintain steady body temperature.

Question 3

What are the 5 things respiration supply energy for? (5)

Answer 3

• Making protein
• Chemical changes in cells
• Cell division
• Growth
• Muscle contraction

Question 4

Explain the process of respiration through our bodies? (food) (4 steps)

Answer 4

1. Food is taken in
2. The stomach and intestines digest the food. One of the products of this is glucose
3. The blood stream now carries that glucose to the muscles
4. Now the oxygen from the inhalation reacts with the muscles to make them contract

Question 5

Is respiration the same as breathing?

Answer 5

RESPIRATION IS NOT BREATHING

Question 5

Explain the process of respiration through our bodies? (air) (5 steps)

Answer 5

1. Air is inhaled
2. Gas exchange takes place in the lungs
3. The bloodstream carries oxygen to muscles
4. Now the glucose from the food reacts with the muscles to make them contract
5. Carbon dioxide is given off from the working muscles and taken back into the bloodstream back to the lungs to be exhaled.

Question 6

What is essential to all living processes?

Answer 6

RESPIRATION - ‘RESPIRATION’ IS CENTRAL TO ALLLIVING PROCESSES

Question 7

What is Aerobic Respiration?

Answer 7

The chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient molecules to release energy with using oxygen.

Question 8

What are the 3 main points to aerobic respiration? (3)

Answer 8

1. Requires oxygen
2. Occurs in the mitochondria
3. Produces more ATP (energy) than anaerobic respiration

Question 9

What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?

Answer 9

Glucose + oxygen—>Carbon dioxide + water + (ATP)

Question 10

What is the symbol equation for aerobic respiration?

Answer 10

C6H12O6 + 6O2 —> 6CO2 + 6H2O

Question 11

What are glucose and oxygen in aerobic respiration?

Answer 11

Reactants

Question 12

What is carbon dioxide and water in aerobic respiration?

Answer 12

Products

Question 13

Where does aerobic respiration take place?

Answer 13

Aerobic respiration mainly takes place in themitochondria

Question 14

What is Anaerobic Respiration?

Answer 14

Anaerobic respiration isa type of cellular respiration that occurs in the absence of oxygen.

Question 15

What are the 4 main points of anaerobic respiration in animals? (4)

Answer 15

• Does not require oxygen
• Occurs in the cytoplasm
• Anaerobic respirationgenerates less ATP than aerobic respiration.
• Takes placewhen there is not enoughoxygen available

Question 16

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in animals?

Answer 16

Glucose —>Lactic acid + (ATP)

Question 17

What is the oxygen debt?

Answer 17

When there is a build up of lactic acid and their is not enough oxygen required to break down lacticacid

Question 18

What is the formula for the oxygen debt?

Answer 18

Lactic acid —> Carbon dioxide + water

Question 19

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and fungi?

Answer 19

Glucose —> Ethanol + carbon dioxide

Question 20

What are the products of anaerobic respiration in plants and fungi?

Answer 20

ethanol and carbondioxide

Question 21

What do humans use anaerobic respiration in plants and fungi for? (3)

Answer 21

making bread, brewingalcohol and making biofuels

Question 22

What is the product of anaerobic respiration in animals?

Answer 22

The product of anaerobic respiration islactic acid (highly toxic, must be removed)

Question 23

What is ATP?

Answer 23

ATP is theenergy currency in cells.

Question 24

What is ATP used for?

Answer 24

Providing energy for cells when they need it for chemical reactions (ATP act a bit like tinybatteries)

Question 25

What are the 2 main points of ATP?

Answer 25

• ATP releases its energy instantly in a single reaction.
• The hydrolysis (broken down with water) of ATP releases a small amount ofenergy, ideal for fuelling reactions in the body.

Question 26

What happens when ATP is hydrolysed?

Answer 26

When ATP is hydrolysed (broken down with water) it forms ADP and inorganic phosphate, meaning 30.5kJ of energy are released.

Question 27

What are the 3 things ATP contain? (3)

Answer 27

ATP contains a sugar(ribose), a base(adenine) and threephosphate groups.