Topic 8/18 Flashcards
(34 cards)
Metal + acid =
Salt and hydrogen gas
Metal oxide/hydroxide + acid =
Salt and water
Metal carbonate + acid =
Salt, water, and Co2
Equation to calculate ph
Equation to calculate pOH
pH = -log[H+]
pOH = -log[OH]
Equation to calculate hydrogen ion concentration
[H+] = 10^-pH
Reaction for weak base and water
B + H2O = BH+ + OH-
What does low pka and pkb mean?
Higher Ka and higher Kb respectively indicating a stronger base and acid
What do concentration of weak acid and base at equilibrium equal?
The concentration of acid and base initially
Conjugate base of HClO
ClO-
How to determine pka from ka?
pKa = -logKa
Find pH when given concentration and pka
- Find Ka using Ka = 10^-pka
- Ice table
- Sub in values in Ka equation to find [H+]
- Find pH using pH = -log[H]+
Acid deposition equation for nitrogen to nitrogen oxide
R means radical
1. N2 + O2 = 2NOR
2. 2NOR + O2 = 2NO2R
3. 2NO2R + H2O = HNO3 + HNO2
Acid deposition equation for sulphur to sulphur dioxide
- S + O2 = SO2
- 2SO2 + O2 = 2SO3
- SO2 + H20 = H2SO3
What is acid deposition? How can a calcium compound reduce a problem caused bya cid deposition?
Acid deposition is acidic precipitation
Calcium carbonate or calcium hydroxide can be added to water
What do the concentration of strong acid and base equal?
The hydroxide or hydronium concentrations
How to make acidic and basic buffer? Should there be more strong or weak?
Acidic - weak acid and strong base
Basic - weak base and strong acid
More weak
What kind of bond do a lewis acid and a lewis bond make?
Covalent
What is another technique other than pH titration that can detect equivalence point?
calorimetety
How to determine pH of titratio before base is added?
ICE table with the acid reaction
How to determine pH of titration at equivalence point
- FInd moles and volume of entities
- List entities in solution and pick the one that will react
- ICE Table and solve for hydronium concentration, also solving for concentration and volume is of both reactants
- Convert to pH
How to determine pH of titration after base added
- Find moles of both and limiting reactant, amount of excess that remains
- List entities and choose the one that has the excess
How to determine pH of titration after equivalence point?
c1v1 (of base originally)/ v2 (of acid and base
and C2 represents the concentration of the base after equivalence
How to determine pH of buffer?
How does it differ after some hydronium or hyxodie has been added
Compound first and make table, solving for hydronium or hydxodie concentration
2. Use Ka/Kb calculation
It would differ in that in the concentration section yo have to add that amount
At higher temperatures what happens to the pH of the water?
Slightly below 7 but still neutral becuase [H+] = [OH-] but Kw increases becuase reaction endothermic and proceeds forward
