Topic 9 Flashcards
(9 cards)
What are the different levels of organisation in an ecosystem?
Organism
Population- All of the 1 species.
Community- Every organism of different species.
Ecosystem- All abiotic and biotic factors.
What is interdependence?
What are the different types?
Interdependence- When organisms depend on each other for things like food and shelter in order to survive and reproduce.
Mutualism- Both organisms benefit.
Parasitism- One organism benefits.
What are some biotic and abiotic factors?
Abiotic:
- Temperature.
- Amount of water.
- Light intensity.
- Levels of pollutants.
Biotic:
- Competition.
- Predation.
What is the equation for energy efficiency?
Energy transferred to next level/ Energy available at previous level
What is eutrophication?
- Fertilisers are washed into the water.
- The nutrients make algae grow.
- No sunlight gets through as algae has covered the surface.
- Plants can’t photosynthesis and die.
- Bacteria consumes dead plants.
- Bacteria respires anaerobically and uses up oxygen so water becomes anoxic.
- Aquatic animals die.
How can farmers increase the amount of nitrates in the soil?
Crop rotation- Different crops are grown each year in a cycle and include a nitrogen fixing crop which helps put nitrates back in the soil.
Fertilisers- Returns nutrients to soil via decomposition.
What are good and bad indicators of water pollution?
Good:
- Freshwater shrimp.
- Stonefly larvae.
Bad:
- Blood worms.
- Sludgeworms.
What shows good or bad air quality and how?
Lichen shows good air quality if it is bushy but bad if it is crusty. It reacts to levels of sulphur dioxide.
How do you reduce the rate of decay?
- Storing in the fridge lowers the temperature slowing rate of reproduction.
- Storing in airtight cans stops microorganisms getting in.
- Drying food removes water that microorganisms need to survive and reproduce.
