Topic 9 Globalisation Flashcards
(37 cards)
What does Beck argue about globalisation causing crime?
- globalisation has created new insecurities of risk consciousness
- the media presented ethnic minorities in a negative way which has led to rise in hate crimes
What does Marxists say about globalisation causing crime?
- Taylor argues that globalisation has allows for transnational corporate crime
- companies are now moving abroad, leading to unemployment and poverty in the UK
What do Mitsos and Browne (Marxist) argue about globalisation causing crime?
- traditional jobs declining have lead to ‘identity crisis for young boys’
According to Marxists, what has globalisation allowed companies to do?
- allowed transnational companies to switch manufacturing to low-wage counties, producing job insecurity, unemployment and poverty
How can Taylors theory of globalisation and crime be evaluated?
- it does not adequately explain how the changes make people behave in criminal ways, for example, all poor people turn to crime and not all powerful companies use these opportunities to commit crime
What does Taylor (Marxist) argue about globalisation causing crime?
- Taylor argues that globalisation has allows for transnational corporate crime
- globalisation has create greater inequality and rising crime
How can the movement of transnational companies from the UK to developing countries cause crime in both?
- when companies move overseas, they commit white collar crime by neglecting health and safety and giving low wages
- In the UK, there’s a loss of jobs as factories move abroad, increasing inequalities like poverty and unemployment, which lead to people committing crime
How can the Marxist theory of globalisation be evaluated?
It does not adequately how the changes make people behave in criminal ways.
For example, all poor people turn to crime and not all powerful companies use these opportunities to commit crime.
Give 3 examples of global crimes?
- human trafficking
- green crime
- cyber crime
What does Hobbs argue about global organisations?
- gangs are doing what is needed on a local level
- organisations are locally based with global connections
- glocal corporations
What does Glenny argue about globalisation and crime?
- the relationship between criminal organisation and globalisation is called McMafia
- this refers to the organisations that have emerged in Russia and Eastern Europe
How is green crime caused?
- through our actions, we are causing our own destruction
- through atmospheric pollution
what is the traditional criminologist view of environmental crime?
- if you’ve not broken a law, its fine
- ‘an unauthorised act that violates the law’
- interested in the illegal dumping of toxic waste
what is the green criminologist view of environmental crime?
- they believe it starts from the notion of harm
- White argues it is any action that has caused harm to the environment
- ecocentric view
South identifies 4 types of primary crime, what are they?
- air pollution
- deforestation
- species decline
- water pollution
Give 3 specific examples of green crime?
- volkswagen 2015
- BP deepwater horizon 2010
- Union Carbide disaster Bhopal 1984
What is secondary green crime?
- crime which grows out of rules being broken aimed at preventing environmental disasters
- for example, state violence against oppositional groups and hazardous waste and organised crime
What does Wolf argue about victims of green crime?
- there are inequalities in the distribution of harm and risks to victim caused by environmental destruction in both how laws are made and enforced
What does White argue about those more at risk of becoming victims of green crime?
those living in the developing world are at far greater risk if environmental crime
What would marxists say about the patterns of victims of green crime?
rich people can afford houses in urban areas away from factories and smog. They can create laws to benefit them
Give 2 polices introduced by government to prevent green crime?
- making companies more accountable eg higher sentences
- ban on single use plastic
How would marxists like Snider respond to the effectiveness of policies that prevent green crime?
- they’re ideological
- charging for plastic bags gives businesses profits
- looks like they’re benefiting everyone but they aren’t
What are the 4 problems with researching green crime?
- different definitions
- different laws
- difficulties in measurements
- use of isolated case studies - limited use in making generalisations about th causes of crime
What is state crime?
illegal activities carried out with the help of state agencies
