Topic A

Question 1

Tofu

Answer 1

Curdled soya milk
Textures vary by water content
Needs flavour added

Question 2

Soya

Answer 2

HBV plant food
Can be eaten whole but toxins must be removed
Used in soya milk

Question 3

Mycoprotein

Answer 3

made of mushroom fungus and egg white
used instead of chicken
can be chunks, mince, or protein

Question 4

TVP

Answer 4

textured vegetable protein
made form soya beans
used to make dough
baked for meat texture

Question 5

Other sources of non-meat protein

Answer 5

nuts
beans
pulses
rice
lentils
seeds
cereals

Question 6

LBV

Answer 6

Low biological value
Do not contain all the essential amino acids

Question 7

Protein complementation

Answer 7

2 LBV proteins are eaten together to make up for the lacking amino acids in each to give meal with HBV

Question 8

Kwashiorkor disease cause

Answer 8

lack of protein means the body is unable to absorb excess water from tissues so accumulates in abdomen

Question 9

Kwashiorkor disease symptoms

Answer 9

Swollen stomach

Question 10

Anaemia cause

Answer 10

lack in iron in diet

Question 11

Anaemia symptoms

Answer 11

Tiredness and lethargy
shortness of breath
noticeable heartbeats
pale complexion

Question 12

Reasons for lack of protein

Answer 12

Change in diet
famine
extreme weather
vegetarian/vegan
lack of money
limited agricultural investments

Question 13

Uses of protein

Answer 13

growth, repair and maintenance of muscles
energy source (secondary source for body)
insulation of warmth

Question 14

Amount of energy per gram of protein

Answer 14

1g protein= 4kcal

Question 15

RNI

Answer 15

Reference nutrient intake
0.75g protein per kilogram bodyweight per day for adults
male= 55g
female = 45g
pregnant women = +6g
physically active need more for muscle growth/repair
children need greater amount relative to body size and mass

Question 16

Protein molecule

Answer 16

large molecule composed of chains of amino acids

Question 17

Peptides

Answer 17

monomers linked together to form polymers are linked by peptide bonds and are known as peptides

Question 18

Monomer

Answer 18

one single molecule

Question 19

dipeptide

Answer 19

2 amino acids

Question 20

polypeptides

Answer 20

many amino acids

Question 21

Protein polypeptide?

Answer 21

Typical protein contains 500 + amino acids joined by peptide bonds, so yes

Question 22

Digestion protein

Answer 22

When you eat protein, your body breaks it down into amino acids and uses them build more proteins

Question 23

Amino acids types

Answer 23

20 different amino acids commonly found in plant and animal proteins
9 essential amino acids your body cannot create
11 non-essential amino acids made by the body

Question 24

Animal sources of protein

Answer 24

Meat
Fish
Dairy
Poultry products

Question 25

HBV

Answer 25

High biological value Contains all essential amino acids