Topic Area 1 Flashcards
(57 cards)
What are the factors to consider before having a baby?
relationship between partners, finance, parental age, peer pressure/expectations, genetic counselling
What are the factors of pre conception health?
age, folic acid supplement, weight, stop smoking, stop drinking, stop using drugs, medications and immunisations up to date
What is meant by the term pre-conception health?
Things you should do before trying to get pregnant so your baby is born healthy
Name three ways a couple planning on starting a family could ensure good pre conception health.
1) The age so they haven’t started menopause and are fertile
2) Weight because obese people have irregular period cycles
3) Folic acid should be taken to avoid spine deficiencies
Name 3 factors other than preconception health, that a couple should consider before starting a family.
1) Their financial situation so they can support the family
2) Where they live so it’s near a school and not by criminal or deprived areas
3) If they’re in a healthy relationship so they don’t sperate
What is a condom and what type of method is it?
A man puts this on his erect penis before inserting it into the vagina, Barrier
What are advantages and disadvantages of the condom?
A- Protects against STI’s, no side effects, available without prescription, 98% effective
D- Can slip off or tear, may interrupt sexual pleasure, single use so may need a lot for regular contraception
What is a female condom and what type of method is it?
A woman inserts it in her vagina before intercourse, Barrier
What are advantages and disadvantages of the female condom?
A- Protects against STI’s, no side effects, available without prescription, 95% effectiveness
D- Can slip off or tear, may interrupt sexual pleasure, single use so may need a lot for regular contraception
What is a Diaphragm/cap and what type of method is it?
A woman applies spermicide and places the circular dome inside her vagina, covering the cervix, Barrier
What are advantages and disadvantages of the Diaphragm/cap?
A- No serious side effects, no need to take any hormones, can be put in place several hours before intercourse, 92-96% effectiveness
D- No protection against STI’s, requires practise to use it correctly, not as easily available (a doctor needs to advise on the correct size)
What is a POP (progesterone only pill) and what type of method is it?
Contains synthetic progesterone that thickens the mucus which prevents the sperm from reaching the egg and is taken daily, Hormonal (oral)
What are advantages and disadvantages of the POP?
A- Effectiveness of 99%, doesn’t interrupt sexual pleasure, can be used whilst breastfeeding
D- Only available on prescription, needs to be taken at the same time everyday, may be affected by mediation, periods may become irregular
What is a Combined Pill and what type of method is it?
Contains synthetic oestrogen that stops the egg being released and progesterone that thickens the mucus which holds back the sperm and is taken daily, Hormonal (oral)
What are advantages and disadvantages of the Combined pill?
A-Helps make periods lighter and less painful, can reduce risk of health conditions and diseases, 99% effective
D- Only available on prescription, not suitable for women over 35, needs to be taken at the same time everyday, may increase blood pressure
What is a Emergency contraceptive pill and what type of method is it?
A single pill taken after having unprotected sex and contains high doses of synthetic progesterone that delays or stops ovulation, Hormonal (oral)
What are advantages and disadvantages of the Emergency contraceptive pill?
A- Used after sexual intercourse, doesn’t affect sexual pleasure
D- May be affected by other medication, side effects like a stomach ache, only available at pharmacies and centres
What is a Contraceptive injection and what type of method is it?
Contains synthetic progesterone that is released into the bloodstream to prevent ovulation and lasts 8-13 weeks depending on type, Hormonal (non oral)
What are advantages and disadvantages of the Contraceptive injection?
A- No need to remember pill, safe when breastfeeding
D- Only available on prescription, may take a year for fertility to return to normal, side effects
What is a Contraceptive implant and what type of method is it?
A small rod inserted under the skin in the arm and releases synthetic progesterone to prevent ovulation and lasts for three years, Hormonal (non oral)
What are advantages and disadvantages of the Contraceptive implant?
A- No need to remember pill, safe when breastfeeding, fertility levels go to normal after removed
D- Requires doctor to insert/take out, initial bruising/tenderness, periods could become irregular
What is an IUD (intrauterine device) and what type of method is it?
A copper coil is inserted into the uterus and copper alters the chemical balance in the uterus which prevents sperm reaching the egg and lasts for 5-10 years, Hormonal (non oral)
What are advantages and disadvantages of the IUD?
A- No need to remember pills, no side effects, can be inserted up to 5 days after unprotected sex
D- Requires doctor to insert/take out, may cause heavy periods for first 6 months
What is an IUS (intrauterine system) and what type of method is it?
A small plastic device is inserted into the uterus which releases synthetic progesterone to prevent ovulation and lasts 3-5 years, Hormonal (non oral)
