Topic One Covalent Bonding And Isotopes

Question 1

What is relative mass of proton?

Answer 1

1

Question 2

What is relative mass of neutron?

Answer 2

1

Question 3

What is relative mass of electrons?

Answer 3

1/2000

No relative mass

Question 4

What is relative charge of a neutron?

Answer 4

0

Question 5

What is the relative charge of an electron?

Answer 5

-1

Question 6

What is an isotope?

Answer 6

A nucleus with same number of protons but different number of neutrons

Question 7

What is mass number of an element?

Answer 7

Number of an element is number of protons and neutrons

Electrons hardly weigh anything so don’t contribute to mass

Question 8

What is atomic number of an element?

Answer 8

Number of protons

Question 9

What has an ionised atom lost or gained?

Answer 9

Electrons

Question 10

Why is deuterium sometimes called heavy hydrogen?

Answer 10

Extra neutron

Question 11

What is an ion?

Answer 11

When atoms lose or gain electrons

Question 12

What is a positively charged ion?

Answer 12

When an atom loses one or more electron

Question 13

What is a negatively charged ion?

Answer 13

When an atom gains one or more electrons

Question 14

What is mass number?

Answer 14

Total number of protons and neutrons

Question 15

What is atomic number?

Answer 15

Number of protons

Question 16

In a neutral atom what is the number of electrons equal to?

Answer 16

Number of protons

Question 17

What letter represents mass number?

Answer 17

A

Question 18

What letter represents atomic number?

Answer 18

Z

Question 19

State 3 properties typical of a substance with giant covalent structures?

Answer 19

High boiling point
High melting point
Cannot conduct electricity

Question 20

What is a covalent bond?

Answer 20

A bond between atoms formed when atoms share electrons to achieve a full outer shell of electrons

Question 21

What is a compound?

Answer 21

A substance formed by the chemical union of two or more elements

Question 22

What is an element?

Answer 22

A substance made of only one type of atom

Question 23

What is a giant covalent structure?

Answer 23

A structure in which very large numbers of atoms are joined together by covalent bonds in a regular structure

Question 24

What is a molecule?

Answer 24

A collection of two or more atoms held together by chebonds

Question 25

Explain why diamond does not conduct electricity but graphite does?

Answer 25

Diamonds have no charges particles that are free to move | Graphite has delocalised electrons which move between the layers

Question 26

What is a polymer?

Answer 26

A large molecule formed from many identical smaller molecules called monomers

Question 27

What are the atoms in a polymer joined by?

Answer 27

Covalent bonds

Question 28

How many covalent bonds does each carbon atom in graphemes form?

Answer 28

3

Question 29

What is shape of nanotube?

Answer 29

Cylinder

Question 30

Why does carbon conduct electricity?

Answer 30

It has delocalised electrons

Question 31

Explain how covalent bonds hold two atoms together

Answer 31

There is an electrostatic force of attraction between a shared pair of negatively charged electrons and two positively charged nuclei

Question 32

Explain how graphite can be used as a lubricant

Answer 32

Atoms arranged in layers | Weak intermolecular forces between layers layers can slide over each other

Question 33

Name a piece of equipment suitable for measuring boiling point of a liquid

Answer 33

Thermometer | Temperature probe

Question 34

Describe arrangement and movement of particles in 3 states of matter

Answer 34

Particles in solids close together and vibrate Particles in liquid are close together and randomly arranged and move around each other Particles in gases are far apart and randomly arranged