Topics in Film Studies FINAL Flashcards
(179 cards)
1
Q
Name 7 things the “New Women” of the 1920s saw change in society.
A
- FREEDOM - Enjoyed a new sense of freedom, mainly due to the 19th Amendment, and the subsequent right to divorce
- END OF IT ALL - Many enlightened people considered it to be the beginning of the breakdown in traditional family values
- SEXUAL LIBERATION - Resulting in real changes in sexual behavior, women began to gain freer access to contracep*ves (e.g. diaphragms, condoms, spermicides, and so forth).
- FASHION - Thanks to the influence
of such designers as Coco Chanel and Jean Patou, women began to wear open-necked shirts, sleeveless and knee-length
dresses, tailored suits, flesh-colored silk stockings, and the newly invented brassiere. - COSMETICS & HAIR - On account of the cosmetic industry-
rivals Helena Rubinstein and Elizabeth Arden, more women began to apply lipstick and makeup (something previously
associated with bohemians and prostitutes). As long hair signified having to tend it, comb it, and tie it up in a severe bun, many women began to bob their hair in a more “loose and liberating” style. - UNSAVORY BEHAVIOR - In addition, women began to drive cars, smoke cigarettes, drink prohibited liquor, engage in sports and jazz-age dance
styles, and attend colleges and universities like never before. - CAREERS - Given the confluence of these factors, coupled with the power of the movies to shape and spread the image of the New Woman, a range of career opportunities opened up, offering for many women a means to financial independence and an outlet for creative expression.
2
Q
Granted American women the right to vote.
A
19th Amendment
3
Q
A document that embodies the fundamental laws and principles by which the United States is governed.
A
Constitution
4
Q
Name 3 facts about the Academy Awards
A
- Founded in 1927
- First held on May 16, 1929
- First Best Actress winner was Janet Gaynor
5
Q
When did Adolf Hitler come into power?
A
1933
6
Q
French filmmaker who was the first women director in the motion-picture industry. Her firlm, La Fee au Choux (1896), is one of the earliest narrative fiction films ever made.
A
Alice Guy Blache
7
Q
Name 2 facts about the American Civil War
A
- 1861 - 1865
- Women saw an expanded definition of “proper” female behavior, procuring supplies for troops, and working as untrained nurses.
8
Q
THREE of the Scenario writers, a legion of women who collectively wrote half of the films copyrighted between 1911 and 1925.
A
Anita Loos
Elinor Glyn
Frances Marion
9
Q
Atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
A
August 6 and 9, 1945
10
Q
2 facts about the Attack on Pearl Harbor
A
- December 7, 1941
2. Convinced Americans to join the war
11
Q
FOUR early feminist icons of the 1930s. Portrayals of strong, independent women implication in morally vexing situations ranging from premarital sex to unwed motherhood to illegal abortions.
A
Betty Boop
Barbara Stanwyck
Jean Harlow
Mae West
12
Q
________________ had once been awarded to legendary figures after decades of accomplishments. Now, by the alchemy of a camera, centuries have been shortened into days and nights.
A
Concept of Fame
13
Q
The first anti-Nazi movie made in Hollywood, ______________ was made under enormously tight security as a
result of death threats. Jewish studio heads fearlessly made it against the government’s desire to not criticize the Nazis. While the film was banned in Germany, Japan, and 18 Latin American countries, it proved to a hit in
America and prompted other studios to hurry the production of
more anti-Hitler films.
A
Confessions of a Nazi Spy (1939)
14
Q
In 1926, Warner Bros. debuts _____________, the first Vitaphone film (developed by Bell Laboratories) and the first publically-shown “talkie” with synchronized sound effects and music (but no dialogue).
It was the first mainstream film that replaced the traditional use of a live orchestra, organ, or piano for the soundtrack.
A
Don Juan
15
Q
During The Great Depression, people chose to stay home more for free radio. However, they still needed escape. One way exhibitors got people back into theaters was through _________ __________, a two-films-for-the-price-of-one deal.
A
Double features
16
Q
Early Feminism (when did it start and what were 5 common issues for women)
A
Really began with the 1848 Seneca Falls Convention
- Excluded from Politics
- No Serious Job Opportunities
- Very Little Education
- No Rights (Civil rights, Voting Rights, Community Property Rights, or Employment Rights)
- Lesser Roles and Lesser Pay than Men
17
Q
Early problems with sound
A
- Expensive
- Restricted by technical demands of microphones
- Theaters had to rewire for sound
- Camera movement limited due to loud noise of camera
- Many actors could not transition to sound pictures
18
Q
Feminism
A
the advocacy of women’s rights on the basis of the equality of the sexes
19
Q
Everyone lived in deadly fear of incurring the displeasure of these two gossip columnists. They had the power to make or break deals, and ruin careers and marriages. Nothing about the lives of the stars - their politics, friends, family, health, or love affairs - was sacred.
A
Hedda Hopper
Louella Parsons
20
Q
A method of creating, promoting, and exploiting Hollywood film stars for economic profit
A
Hollywood Star System
21
Q
Industrial Revolution (when did it take place and name 4 facts)
A
1760-1914
- For some women, it provided independent wages, mobility, and a better standard of living
- However, for the vast majority, factor work resulted in a life of hardship
- Women mostly found jobs in domestic service and textile factories
- Home life suffered as women were faced with the double burden of factory work followed by domestic chores and child care
22
Q
- MGM Production Head
- Married Norma Shearer
- Died young, and Hollywood shut down for a day to observe his funeral
A
Irving Thalberg
23
Q
One of the prominent ‘New Talent’ plucked from Broadway during the advent of sound
A
James Cagney
24
Q
German cinema fell under the authority of ___________ ____________ and his Ministry of Public Enlightenment and Propaganda
A
Joseph Goebbels
25
Working for _____________, Scottish inventor _____________ designed and built a camera ( the _____________) and viewer for watching the films that the camera recorded ( the _____________). He also built the _____________ - a rotating studio where early films were photographed that used the sun as the light source.
```
Thomas Edison
W.K.L. Dickson
Kinetograph
Kinetoscope
Black Maria
```
26
Director of Triumph of the Will (1935), which documented the 1934 Nazi Party Rally in Nuremberg. Then directed Olympia (1938), a 'record' of the 1936 Berlin Olympic Games.
Leni Riefenstahl
27
Early female film star sisters
Lillian and Dorothy Gish
28
__________________________ of silent films was a specialized craft that developed, and disappeared, within a decade and a half. Unlike the scoring of sound pictures, its creative center was the theater. House conductor-arrangers needed to have their orchestras ready to accompany a new film every time the program changed, which generally meant at least once a week.
Live musical accompaniment
29
One of the most well-known directors was __________ ___________, who produced and directed dozens of films and had her own production company.
Lois Weber
30
Considered to be the first modern-style celebrity. His image fascinated the public, and his self-awareness and personal promotion are seen as the beginning to what would become the modern rock star.
Lord Byron
31
Early female film star who was a repeated collaborator of Charlie Chaplin
Mabel Normand
32
Male gaze
is the act of depicting women and the world, in the visual arts and in literature, from a masculine, heterosexual perspective that presents and represents women as sexual objects for the pleasure
33
Microphones
Made "talkies" possible with synchronized sound.
34
Misogyny
dislike of, contempt for, or ingrained prejudice against women.
35
National Legion of Decency
founded in 1933 as an organization dedicated to identifying and combating objectionable content in motion pictures from the point of view of the American Catholic Church.
36
Nazi Germany
1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and his Nazi Party controlled the country through a dictatorship and was transformed into a totalitarian state where nearly all aspects of life were controlled by the government.
37
Nazi-era cinema
the use of film for propaganda had been planned by the National Socialist German Workers Party as early as 1930, when the party first established a film department. UFA motion picture studio played a huge role during this period of cinema.
38
Open marriage
relationship in which both partners agree that each may have sexual relations with others.
39
Pen Names
female writers adopted male pseudonyms, for a number of reasons: to publish without prejudice in male-dominated circles; to experiment with the freedom of anonymity; or to encourage male readership.
40
Pickfair
was an 18-acre estate in the city of Beverly Hills, California originally designed by architect Horatio Cogswell as a country home. The property was sold to actor Douglas Fairbanks and his wife Mary Pickford in 1918.
41
Pre-Code cinema
refers to the brief era in the American film industry between the widespread adoption of sound in pictures in 1929 and the enforcement of the Motion Picture Production Code censorship guidelines.
42
Propaganda
information, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view.
43
Sarah Bernhardt
was a French stage actress who starred in some of the most popular French plays of the late 19th and early 20th centuries
44
Seneca Falls Convention
was the first women's rights convention. It advertised itself as "a convention to discuss the social, civil, and religious condition and rights of woman". 1848
45
Sexism
prejudice, stereotyping, or discrimination, typically against women, on the basis of sex.
46
Social problem films
Hollywood did produce and market a number of topical films in the 1930s and by the 1940s, the term "social problem" or "message" film was conventional in its usage among the film industry. Poverty, women’s rights, addiction, inhumanity, and horrors of war.
47
Sound-on-disc
is a class of sound film processes using a phonograph or other disc to record or play back sound in sync with a motion picture. Used mechanical interlock with the movie projector.
48
Sound-on-film
is a class of sound film processes where the sound accompanying a picture is physically recorded onto photographic film, usually, but not always, the same strip of film carrying the picture.
49
Stereophonic sound
achieved by using two or more independent audio channels through a configuration of two or more loudspeakers (or stereo headphones) in such a way as to create the impression of sound heard from various directions
50
Stereotypes (Vamp, Flapper, etc.)
a widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing. (Femme fatale; a rebellious fashionable woman from the 20s)
51
Suffragette movement
was a member of militant women's organisations in the early 20th century who, under the banner "Votes for Women", fought for the right to vote in public elections, known as women's suffrage.
52
The Birth of a Nation
is an incredibly racist American silent epic drama film directed and co- produced by D. W. Griffith and starring Lillian Gish.
53
The De Havilland Decision
ultimately contributed to the downfall of the studio system by limiting studio-actor contracts to seven years
54
The Don’ts and Be Carefuls
A code that enumerated a number of key points that related directly to the motion picture production code
55
The End of the Production Code
In keeping with the changes in society, sexual content that would have previously been banned by the Code was being retained. The movie industry was faced with very serious competitive threats. The MPAA began working on a rating system.
56
The Great Depression
was a severe worldwide economic depression that took place mostly during the 1930s, beginning in the United States. Started in 1929 and lasted until the late 1930s.
57
The Hollywood Canteen
a club offering food, dancing and entertainment for servicemen, usually on their way overseas. Even though the majority of visitors were U.S servicemen, the canteen was open to servicemen of allied countries as well as women in all branches of service.
58
The Jazz Singer
1927 American musical drama film directed by Alan Crosland. It is the first feature-length motion picture with not only a synchronized recorded music score but also lip-synchronous singing and speech in several isolated sequences.
59
The Marx Brothers
were an American family comedy act that was successful in vaudeville, on Broadway, and in motion pictures from 1905 to 1949.
60
The Production Code/Hays Code
was the set of industry moral guidelines that was applied to most United States motion pictures released by major studios from 1930 to 1968.
61
Theater vs. film
Biggest difference is the relationship between the performer and the audience. Film has a documentation character that theater does not have, since theater always needs people on stage to be executed while you can have films without people.
62
Theaters wired for sound
Fox Movie Tone versus Warner Brothers Vitaphone, it was costing studios millions of dollars and many years to rewire theaters across the country and then by time they finished the Great Depression hit and this set back most of the studios in Hollywood
63
Theda Bara
was an American silent film and stage actress. Bara was one of the most popular actresses of the silent era, and one of cinema's earliest sex symbols. Cleopatra (1917)
64
Triumph of the Will
Filmmaker Leni Riefenstahl's controversial masterwork is an artful work of propaganda showcasing German chancellor and Nazi Party leader Adolf Hitler at the 1934 Nuremberg Rally. Edited from over 60 hours' worth of raw footage shot over the course of the rally's four days.
65
Passed by Congress June 4, 1919, and ratified on August 18, 1920, the 19th amendment granted women ____ ____
Voting Rights
66
was the emergence of the arts and sciences that happened in Germany during the Weimar Republic, the latter during that part of the interwar period between Germany's defeat in World War I in 1918 and Hitler's rise to power in 1933.
Weimar era/Weimar culture
67
was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918.
World War I
68
also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. The vast majority of the world's countries—including all the great powers—eventually formed two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis.
World War II
69
The 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution grants women the right to vote in the year _________ .
1920
70
The first woman director in the motion-picture industry was _________________ .
Alice Guy Blache
71
Described as old, bulky, and even gargoyle-like, _________________ defied all odds and became the biggest and most unlikely box-office star when America needed less glamour and more laughter.
Marie Dressler
72
Set in 1907 Edwardian England when a militant suffragette movement brought into question all the comfortable faiths and assumptions that Englishmen had lived by, _____________ , starring ____________ , examines the issues surrounding class and gender relations in changing times.
Howards End
| Emma Thompson
73
____________ has won more Academy Awards for acting than any other actor, male or female.
Katherine Hepburn
74
The Production Code was ENFORCED in the year __________ .
1934
75
_____________ is often cited as the most popular, powerful, prominent, and influential woman in the history of cinema.
Mary Pickford
76
In the era of Classical Hollywood Cinema, everyone lived in deadly fear of incurring the displeasure of gossip columnists ___________ and ___________ .
Hedda Hopper
| Louella Parsons
77
______________ , starring _____________ , was "produced in the shadow of the headlines" and wrapped soon after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt ordered it to be rushed into theatres so that audiences could see it as quickly as possible.
Mrs. Miniver
| Greer Garson
78
At the time of the ___________________ , women were entirely excluded from any political involvement. Beyond domestic service and factory work, women had no serious or meaningful job opportunities. In addition, they had no civil rights, voting rights, community property rughts, or employment rights.
Seneca Falls Convention
79
Movies that imply that underprivileged people of color can only rely on well-intentioned white folks as a means of upward mobility
“White savior” narratives
80
What was the scandal involved with The French Line (1954)?
Jane Russell's bosom pops out of the screen in 3D
81
Pen name of author Louisa May Alcott
A.M. Barnard
82
Movies like Deep Throat and Behind the Green Door, as well as Hitchcock's Frenzy, and Woody Allen's Everything You Always Wanted to Know About Sex tested the limits of the new ratings system, leading to a _________________ .
Larger acceptance of pornography in the 1970s
83
Achievements of the ‘70s women’s liberation movement (name six)
1. increasing workplace opportunities
2. liberalizing divorce laws
3. mandating legal abortions
4. equalizing educational and athletic opportunities
5. spurring on the creation of women’s studies courses
6. empowering women in serving on juries and using
their own credit cards
84
Pen names for The Bronte Sisters
Curren, Ellis, and Acton Bell
85
Under the influence of Marlon Brando’s raw portrayal of Stanley Kowalski in A Streetcar Named Desire, many actors (like James Dean, Marilyn Monroe, and Paul Newman) eagerly learned the ‘method’ (method acting), and usually got together to work their chops at the __________ _____________ .
Actors Studio
86
In 1950s cinema, the coupling of older men with much younger women became more and more common, showing ____________ .
Ageism
87
Silence of the Lamb came out at the high of the __________ __________ , causing controversy with its controversially negative portrayal of homosexual people
AIDS pandemic
88
Psycho
Frenzy
Foreign Correspondent
Alfred Hitchcock
89
One day which encouraged women across America to force businessmen, husbands, and other men to take seriously their demands for equal rights. In doing so, women refrained from shopping, cooking, and doing anything that was "expected by them" on a daily basis
Alice Doesn’t Day
90
Driving Miss Daisy, while thoughtfully provoking, paid little attention to the much harsher realities of the Jim Crow South that gave way to the ____________ __________ ____________ _______________ .
American Civil Rights Movement
91
Criticized Halle Berry for her Oscar win, saying that it painted black women in a very negative light
Angela Bassett
92
First Asian American actress to gain international recognition. Unable to be cast as the lead in The Good Earth as the result of the Production Code's overtly racist ban on miscegenation
Anna May Wong
93
Pen name for Armandine-Lucile Aurore
George Sand
94
____________ ___________ ___________ was known in the U.S. and these “film brats” (Scorsese, Lucas, Spielberg, etc.) had learned of it in film school. Many had dreams of becoming artists like Europe’s venerated “___________.”
Auteur Theory
| Auteurs
95
A rating system that determines the level of gender equality in a film by assessing whether two women converse about something other than a man.
Bechdel Test
96
When actors would put makeup on to try and mimic the appearance of having black or asian skin.
Blackface/yellowface
97
Coinciding with the Black Arts Movement (c. 1965 - 1975) - which inspired Black people to establish their own publishing houses, magazines, journals, and art institutions, ________________ ___________ featured Black casts and funk- and soul-infused soundtracks by musicians such as Isaac Hayes, Curtis Mayfield, Herbie Hancock, and James Brown.
Blaxploitation Films
98
____________ _____________ rewrote the rules on screen violence, paving the way for a new and more liberal film classification system in the US, introduced the year following its release: the Motion Picture Association of America ratings guidelines, which is still in effect today
Bonnie and Clyde (1967)
99
Common Best Actress Oscar-winning roles
Among the roles depicted by these actresses, 15 roles represent women playing actresses, performers, models, or singers
100
Name one example of Controversial Casting
Luise Rainer (German) being cast as an Asian woman in The Good Earth (1937) over Anna Mae Wong
101
Among Hollywood figures, nine out of ten individuals called before HUAC to testify were screenwriters (like __________ ___________), who were ultimately forced to find new jobs, write under a pseudonym or be fronted by another writer, or move out of the country to survive.
Dalton Trumbo
102
20th Century Fox Studio Head who routinely summoned actresses to a small part of his large, green-paneled office suite for afternoon trysts
Darryl F. Zanuck
103
American motion-picture producer who earned a reputation for commercially successful films of high artistic quality before and after World War II
David O. Selznick
104
A box-office topping porno in the 1970s
Deep Throat
105
Weimar Era film. One of the first homosexual characters ever written for cinema
Different from the Others
106
Spike Lee's blunt race-relation drama that stirred fear amongst theater owners nationwide of possible riot
Do The Right thing
107
One way studios in the 1950s tried counter the rise of television populairty
Drive-in theaters
108
Recession-driven producers had garnered huge ticket sales by appealing to young audiences. Nearly half of U.S. filmgoers were between 16 and 24 years old. Studios launched a cycle of “youthpix” films which offered subject matter unavailable on television. The prototypical youth movie was _________ ___________, a chronicle of two drug dealers’ motorcycle trip across America. Made for less than half a million dollars, it became one of the most successful films of its year and triggered a host of imitators. The film earned $60 million at the box office.
Easy Rider
109
A new talent in Hollywood after the introctution of sound
Eddie Cantor
110
Where was Howards End (1992) set place in?
Edwardian England
111
In 1869, Susan B. Anthony and ____________ ___________ ____________ form the National Woman Suffrage Association. The primary goal of the organization is to achieve voting rights for women by means of a Congressional amendment to the Constitution
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
112
Silent film star who was not able to adequately cross over into sound, as their voice did not match their romanticized public image
Emil Jannings
113
a social and political movement of the late 1960s through the mid-1980s that urged lesbians and gay men to engage in radical direct action, and to counter societal shame with gay pride
Gay Liberation Movement
114
As men came home from WWII, the US saw an increase in
Gender-based violence
115
African American Best Supporting Actress winner for Gone with the Wind who had to sit in the back of the theater with her husband, not at the main table, and who had to read a prewritten speech during her acceptance
Hattie MacDaniel
116
The practice of an influential person in Hollywood demanding that other people in power do not hire a specific person, effectively banning them from working in town ever again
Hollywood blacklist
117
Became a huge marketplace for pornography
Home video
118
Dislike of or prejudice against homosexual people
Homophobia
119
The McCarthy era investigation committee on Hollywood
House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)
120
New talent in the advent of sound
Humphrey Bogart
121
D.W. Griffith's followup to The Birth of a Nation, which vilified the practice of censorship
Intolerance
122
Pen name for Jane Austen
A lady
123
First female producer to win an Academy Award for Best Picture for The Sting (1973)
Julia Phillips
124
What is Method Acting?
A collection of techniques first developed by Konstantin Stanislavsky in the Moscow Art Theatre in the early 20th century
125
Actress who was banned from performing on television and radio for three years by the House Un-American Activities Committee
Lena Horne
126
Who was the American film producer and co-founder of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer studios in 1924. Under his management, MGM became the film industry's most prestigious movie studio, accumulating the largest concentration of leading writers, directors and stars in Hollywood.
Louis B. Mayer
127
a form of major affective disorder, or mood disorder, defined by manic or hypomanic episodes (changes from one's normal mood accompanied by high energy states).
Manic-depressive disorder
128
Pen name for Mary Ann Evans
George Eliot
129
a vociferous campaign against alleged communists in the US government and other institutions carried out under Senator Joseph McCarthy in the period 1950–54. Many of the accused were blacklisted or lost their jobs, although most did not in fact belong to the Communist Party.
McCarthyism
130
What the definition of Miscegenation?
the interbreeding of people considered to be of different racial types.
131
(Went into place after Bonnie and is used in the United States and its territories to rate a film's suitability for certain audiences based on its content.
MPAA Ratings System
132
was a Japanese-American singer and actress. She was best known for her Oscar-winning role as Katsumi in the film Sayonara. Only Asian woman to ever win.
Myoshi Umeki
133
is an American feminist organization founded in 1966. The organization consists of 550 chapters in all 50 U.S. states and in Washington, D.C.
National Organization of Women (NOW)
134
```
By the early 1990s, following
the explosion of independent
filmmaking and the rise in the
number of gay and lesbian film
festivals, a new crop of films
appeared dubbed ________ ________ _________
```
New Queer Cinema.
135
Is regarded as the first major African-American feature filmmaker, a prominent producer of race film, and has been described as "the most successful African-American filmmaker of the first half of the 20th century".
Oscar Micheaux
136
Acclaimed German silent film, Lulu (Louise Brooks) is a young woman so beautiful and alluring that few can resist her siren charms.
Pandora’s Box
137
Psychological thrillers with feminine protagonists who often suffered from a mental disorder giving off the notion that women are "insane" or "not to be trusted."
Paranoia Films
138
What is Political cinema?
cinema which portrays current or historical events or social conditions in a partisan way in order to inform or to agitate the spectator.
139
used to describe reactions against contradictions and absences in feminism, especially second-wave feminism and third-wave feminism.
Post-feminism
140
One of Hitchcock masterpiece films that stars Janet Leigh as the protagonist who is murdered in the first act of the film... SHINK SHINK SHINK!
Psycho
141
Films that highlighted African American issues
Race Films
142
prejudice, discrimination, or antagonism directed against someone of a different race based on the belief that one's own race is superior.
Racism
143
What was the Report of Communist Influence in Radio and Television was an anti-Communist piece published in the United States at the start of the 1950s?
Red Channels
144
What are the legal rights and freedoms relating to reproduction and reproductive health that vary amongst countries around the world called?
Reproductive rights
145
was an Italian film director, screenwriter, and producer. Rossellini was one of the directors of the Italian neorealist cinema, contributing to the movement with films such as Rome, Open City, Paisan, Germany, Year Zero, and General Della Rovere.
Roberto Rossellini
146
is a 1954 American drama directed by Herbert J. Biberman. All had been blacklisted by the Hollywood establishment due to their alleged involvement in communist politics.
Salt of the Earth
147
is a period of feminist activity and thought that began in the United States in the early 1960s and lasted roughly two decades. Women wanted sexual freedom, reproductive rights, etc. etc.
Second-wave feminism
148
is the systemic separation of people into racial or other ethnic groups in daily life.
Segregation
149
is where a person physically harms themselves. Often seen during the time when paranoia films were prominent and women wanted to inflict injury upon themselves like Gloria Swanson in Sunset Boulevard (1951)
Self-injurious behavior
150
former actress and film studio executive. She is a former CEO of Paramount Pictures, and when she was the president of production at 20th Century Fox, she was the first woman to head a Hollywood movie studio.
Sherry Lansing
151
became the first Bahamian and first black actor to win an Academy Award for Best Actor, and the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor for his role in Lilies of the Field.
Sidney Poitier
152
was a system that released odor during the projection of a film so that the viewer could "smell" what was happening in the movie.
Smell-O-Vision and Aroma-Rama
153
is an American film director, producer, writer, and actor. His production company. Typically makes highly controversial films about racial tensions with African Americans in the United States. Started in 1983.
Spike Lee
154
were a series of spontaneous, violent demonstrations by members of the gay community against a police raid that began in the early morning hours of June 28, 1969, at the Stonewall Inn in NYC.
Stonewall Rebellion
155
was a talent agent for many filmmakers and actors of the New Hollywood generation of the 1960s, 1970s and early 1980s.
Sue Mengers
156
was a youth-driven cultural revolution that took place in the United Kingdom during the mid-to-late 1960s, emphasising modernity and fun-loving hedonism.
Swinging London in the 1960s
157
is a 1935 romantic comedy film starring Katharine Hepburn playing a female con artist masquerading as a boy to escape the police. Directed by George Cukor.
Sylvia Scarlett
158
were murders of five people conducted by members of the Manson Family on August 8–9, 1969.
Tate murders
159
was an American playwright. Along with contemporaries Eugene O'Neill and Arthur Miller, he is considered among the three foremost playwrights of 20th-century American drama. A Streetcar Named Desire
Tennessee Williams
160
was an action group formed in September 1947 by actors in support of the Hollywood Ten during the hearings of the House Un-American Activities Committee. It was founded by screenwriter Philip Dunne, actress Myrna Loy, and film directors John Huston and William Wyler.
The Committee for the First Amendment
161
is a book written by Betty Friedan which is widely credited with sparking the beginning of second-wave feminism in the United States. It was published on February 19, 1963 by W. W. Norton.
The Feminine Mystique
162
were a generation of young Western women in the 1920s who wore skirts, bobbed their hair, listened to jazz, and flaunted their disdain for what was then considered acceptable behavior.
The Flapper
163
in U.S. history, 10 motion-picture producers, directors, and screenwriters who appeared before the House Un-American Activities Committee in October 1947, refused to answer questions regarding their possible communist affiliations
The Hollywood Ten
164
a young postulant falls in love with a handsome British soldier who is recovering with others of his regiment after being wounded. Before leaving, he asks her to leave the convent and marry him. The postulant, devoted to the statue of the Virgin Mary, asks her for a heavenly sign and leaves when nothing happens. 1959
The Miracle
165
was a landmark decision by the United States Supreme Court which largely marked the decline of motion picture censorship in the United States. 1952
The Miracle Decision
166
is a 1953 American romantic comedy film produced and directed by Otto Preminger and starring William Holden, David Niven, and Maggie McNamara. Is about a young woman who meets an architect on the observation deck of the Empire State Building and quickly turns his life upside down.
The Moon is Blue
167
starred Jane Russel an american actress and sex symbol in Hollywood. Film was controversial for its sexually overt subjects and was directed by Howard Hughes.
The Outlaw
168
was a landmark (est. in 1948) United States Supreme Court antitrust case that decided the fate of movie studios owning their own theatres and holding exclusivity rights on which theatres would show their films.
The Paramount Decision
169
was the combination of the Flapper and a more erotic behavior of women. Flappers had a limit to where they would care about their liberal behavior. Think Theda Bara the chick who wore like no clothes all the time in the 20s.
The Vamp
170
as a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975..... we lost.
The Vietnam War
171
the Education Amendments Act of 1972 is a federal law that states: "No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance."
Title IX
172
Susanne impersonates men on stage and is discovered by an agent who thinks she really is a man. Directed by Reinhold Schünzel -- 1935
Viktor and Viktoria
173
was a sound film system used for feature films and nearly 1,000 short subjects made by Warner Bros. and its sister studio First National from 1926 to 1931
Vitaphone
174
the code applied rigid moral scrutiny to films, banning everything from interracial dating to "lustful kissing." It died officially in 1968 — but in practice, it was always taking hits and eventually became weaker and died out
Weakening of the Production Code
175
was an American playwright and novelist, whose works typically feature solitary protagonists encumbered with strained sexual relations. In the early 1950s, he had a string of memorable Broadway productions, including Picnic, which earned him a Pulitzer Prize.
William Inge
176
a period of European history lasting from around the 5th century to the 15th century, women held the positions of wife, mother, peasant, artisan, and nun, as well as some important leadership roles, such as abbess or queen regnant.
Women during the Middle Ages
177
women were considered to legally belong to their husbands. Women were supposed to be typical 'housewives.' Though women were inferior to men, women in different classes had different roles. Low class women were expected to be housewives and take care of everything to do with the house.
Women during the Renaissance
178
was a political alignment of women and feminist intellectualism that emerged in the late 1960s and continued into the 1980s primarily in the industrialized nations of the Western world, which affected great change (political, intellectual, cultural) throughout the world.
Women’s Lib (Liberation)
179
In the workplace the men usually hold the higher positions and the women often hold lower paid positions such as secretaries. Gender inequality can also be understood when looking at transgender workers. Workers have different experiences when transitioning at the workplace. All of these aspects can be labeled under ______ _____
Workplace inequalities
