Tourism

Question 1

What is the definition of a tourist?

Answer 1

Someone who travels for recreation, leisure or business and stays more than one night somewhere that is not their home

Question 2

What are 4 reasons that countries are keen to increase tourism?

Answer 2

Support for local industries, employment, money/wealth, improvements in infrastructure/public services

Question 3

What are the 5 reasons that tourism has grown in recent years?

Answer 3

Greater affluence, more leisure time, more accessibility, package holidays, advertising

Question 4

What does the multiplier effect show?

Answer 4

That money/wealth generated by tourism can circle through a country’s economy continuously (or until it is eventually ‘leaked’)

Question 5

What is money ‘leakage’?

Answer 5

The money generated (e.g. in tourism) is lost to other countries/sources (e.g. foreign travel companies) that remove the money from the country’s economy

Question 6

Why is tourism particularly important to LEDCs?

Answer 6

They often do not have many other main economic sources, whereas MEDCs usually have many economic sources to rely on

Question 7

What is a domestic tourist?

Answer 7

A tourist who takes a holiday within their country of origin

Question 8

How much does the UK earn per year from tourism?

Answer 8

Approximately £115 billion (per year)

Question 9

What are the 5 stages of the butler model?

Answer 9

Exploration/discovery, development, consolidation, stagnation, decline or rejuvenation

Question 10

What is stage 1 of the butler model?

Answer 10

Exploration/discovery: visited by a few adventurous tourists, very few tourist facilities e.g. Sierra Leone

Question 11

What is stage 2 of the butler model?

Answer 11

Development: No. of tourists increases, development of facilities and accommodation by locals e.g. Vietnam

Question 12

What is stage 3 of the butler model?

Answer 12

Consolidation: Visited by large numbers of tourists, most tourist facilities/hotels owned by large travel companies e.g. Caribbean

Question 13

What is stage 4 of the butler model?

Answer 13

Tourist numbers reach their peak level and level off, resort is no linger fashionable e.g. Mexico

Question 14

What is stage 5 of the butler model?

Answer 14

Decline: Tourist numbers decline as they seek new, ‘unspoiled’ areas
Rejuvenation: investment and advertising attract new visitors e.g. Spain

Question 15

What does the butler model show?

Answer 15

The life-cycle of a resort/tourist area

Question 16

What are 2 external factors that affect tourism?

Answer 16

Terrorism and disease

Question 17

What impact does terrorism have upon tourism?

Answer 17

People stop travelling to that area and travel less in general or stay for shorter periods of time e.g. 9/11

Question 18

What impact does disease have upon tourism?

Answer 18

People stop travelling to that area, they also tend to write off the country and continent as a whole (even though it is not usually affected in any way…) e.g. Ebola in Africa

Question 19

What is a national park?

Answer 19

An area (usually designated by law) where development is limited/banned. The landscape is regarded as valuable and worth preserving

Question 20

What are the 2 duties of national parks?

Answer 20

To preserve and enhance an area’s natural beauty

To promote people’s enjoyment of the countryside

Question 21

What 3rd duty do national parks have?

Answer 21

To “seek to foster the economic and social well being pf local communities within national parks”

Question 22

What are 5 reasons for the increase of tourism in national parks?

Answer 22

More car ownership, longer paid holidays, greater affluence, more awareness of natural beauty (social media), higher % of retired people

Question 23

What are the 4 main issues caused by tourism in the Lake District?

Answer 23

Traffic problems, Honeypot sites, pressure on property, environmental issues

Question 24

What % of tourists arrive by car to the Lake District?

Answer 24

89%

Question 25

Why does traffic congestion occur in the Lake District?

Answer 25

Lots of cars= congestion and limited public transport adds to this, bottleneck roads (E.g. in Ambleside and Bowness) also cause traffic to slow

Question 26

What effect does traffic congestion have?

Answer 26

Lack of parking, wildlife disrupted, locals cannot travel, noise pollution, air pollution, local businesses can’t be reached so lose income

Question 27

How many tourists does the Lake District receive annually?

Answer 27

12 to 14 million

Question 28

How many people live in the Lake District?

Answer 28

Around 42,300 people

Question 29

What happens at honeypot sites?

Answer 29

Too many tourists causes footpath erosion, and at popular sites (e.g.Cat bells) routes can become severely eroded creating ugly scars on the land.

Question 30

What do guidebooks do that causes more damage to the countryside?

Answer 30

Guidebooks encourage tourists to previously remote areas, causing damage to wildlife in order for tourists to see ‘unspoiled’ areas

Question 31

What % property in the Lake District is second hand or tourist let?

Answer 31

20%

Question 32

What does a high % of second homes and tourist let properties cause?

Answer 32

Higher house prices; locals can no longer afford to buy housing in the area so move away

Question 33

How many people work on repairing the footpaths in the Lake District each year?

Answer 33

10 million

Question 34

How are footpaths in the Lake district repaired and preserved?

Answer 34

Stone-pitching (stones put on the paths to prevent path erosion) organisations such as ‘fix the fells’ use this method to prolong the life span of the paths

Question 35

What are 4 traffic solutions in the Lake District?

Answer 35

Traffic free walking/cycle routes, clear road restrictions, lots of small car parks (blend in with landscape), improved public transport

Question 36

What is an example of a place in the Lake District where traffic solutions are used?

Answer 36

Grasmere: traffic restrictions, improved coach parking and a bus link between main attractions

Question 37

Why are national parks difficult to manage?

Answer 37

They are largely owned by private owners, e.g. RAF, army, farmers, national trust; this causes conflict between land use (as farm animals may be disturbed, tourists endangered, public footpaths dangerous)

Question 38

What % of tourists to the Lake District arrive by car?

Answer 38

around 90%