Toxicities And Side Effects

Question 1

Acetaminophen
AChE inhibitors, Organophosphates
Antimuscarinic,Anticholinergic agents
Arsenic
Benzodiazepines
มีspecific toxicity treatmentคืออะไรตามลำดับ

Answer 1

• N-acetylcysteine
• Atropine>pralidoxime
• Physostigmine
• Dimercaprol
• Flumazenil

Question 2

Beta-blockers
Carbon monoxide
Copper
Cyanide
Digitalis
มีspecific toxicity treatmentคืออะไรตามลำดับ

Answer 2

• Atropine
• 100% O2
• penicillamine
• nitrite+thiosulfate
• anti-dig Fab fragments

Question 3

Heparin
Iron
Lead
Mercury
Methanol, ethylene glycol
มีspecific toxicity treatmentคืออะไรตามลำดับ

Answer 3

• Protamine sulfate
• Deferoxamine
• EDTA, dimercaprol
• Dimercaprol
• Formepizole

Question 4

Methemoglobin
Opioids
Salicylates
TCAs
Warferin
มีspecific toxicity treatmentคืออะไรตามลำดับ

Answer 4

• Methylene blue
• Naloxone
• NaHCO3(alkalinize urine)
• NaHCO3(stabilizes cardiac cell memb.)
• vitamin K

Question 5

Drug reactions ที่สัมพันธ์กับ cardiovascular

• coronary vasospasm
• cutanous flushing
• dilated cardiomyopathy
• torsader de pointes

Answer 5

• cocaine, amphetamine, sumatriptan, ergot alkaloids(CASE)
• Vancomycin, Adenosine, Niacin, Ca2+ ch. blocker, Echinocandins, Nitrates (VANCEN)
• anthracyclines(Doxorubicin, Daunorubicin)
• antiArrhythmic, antiBiotic(macrolides), antiCychotic(haloperidol), antiDepressants(TCAs), antiEmetics(ondansetron) [ABCDE]

Question 6

Drug reactions ที่สัมพันธ์กับ endrocrine/reproductive

• adrenal insufficiency
• diabetes insipidus
• hot flushing
• hyperglycemia
• hyperprolactinemia
• hyperthyroidism
• hypothyroidism
• SIADH

Answer 6

• HPA suppression จาก glucocorticoid
• lithium, demeclocycline
• SERMs(tamoxifen, clomiphene, raloxifen)
• Tacrolimus, Protease inhibitor, Niacin, HCTZ, Corticosteroids
• haloperidol, quetiapine, metoclopramide, methyldopa
• lithium, amiodarone
• amiodarone, sulfonamides, lithium
• carbamazepine, cyclophosphamide, SSRIs

Question 7

Drug reactions ที่สัมพันธ์กับ gastrointestinal

• acute cholestatic hepatitis
• diarrhea
• focal to massive hepatic necrosis
• hepatitis
• pancreatitis
• pill-induced esophagitis
• pseudomembranous colitis

Answer 7

• erythromycin
• acarbose, metformin, pramlintide, colchicine, cholineesterase inhibitors, macrolides, quinidine, SSRIs
• Halothane, Amanita phalloides, Valproic acid, Acetaminophen
• Rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, statins, fibrates
• didanosine, corticosteroids, alcohol, valproic acid, azathioprine, diuretics
• NSAIDs, potassium chloride, tetracyclines
• ampicillin, cephalosporins, clindamycin, fluoroquinolones

Question 8

Drug reactions ที่สัมพันธ์กับ hematologic

• agranulocytosis
• aplastic anemia
• direct Coombs-positive hemolytic anemia
• drug reaction w/ eosinophilia and systemic symptoms
• gray baby syndrome
• hemolysis in G6PD deficiency
• megaloblastic anemia
• thrombocytopenia
• thrombotic complication

Answer 8

• carbamazepine, colchicine, ganciclovir
• carbamazepine, methimazole, NSAIDs, benzene, Chloramphenicol
• penicillin,methyldopa,cephalosporins
• allopurinol
• chloramphenicol
• isoniazid, sulfonamide, dapsone, primaquine, aspirin, ibuprofen, nitrofurantoin
• hydroxyurea, phenytoin, methotrexate, sulfa drugs
• Heparin,vancomycin,linezolid
• combined oral contraceptives, SERMs

Question 9

Sulfa drugs มีอะไรบ้างและSEเป็นอย่างไร

Answer 9

-Sulfonamide antibiotics, Sulfasalazine, Probenecid, Furosemide, Acetazolamide, Celecoxib, Thiazides, Sulfonylureas
(Scary Sulfa Pharm FACTS)
-sulfa allergies;Stevens-Johnson syndrome, fever, urticaria, UTI, hemolytic anemia,thrombocytopenia