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toxicity and side effects Flashcards

1
Q

Acetaminophen toxicity anti-dote.

A

N-acetylcysteine (replenishes glutathione)

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2
Q

AchE inhibitor and organophosphate toxicity anti-dote.

A

atropine followed by pralidoxime

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3
Q

Amphetamine toxicity anti-dote.

A

NH4Cl (acidify urine).

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4
Q

Antimuscarinic/anticholinergic toxicity anti-dote.

A

physostigmine salicylate (control hyperthermia)

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5
Q

Benzo toxicity anti-dote.

A

Flumazenil

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6
Q

Beta-blocker toxicity anti-dote.

A

Glucagon

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7
Q

Carbon monoxide toxicity anti-dote.

A

100% O2, hyperbaric O2.

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8
Q

copper, arsenic, gold toxicity anti-dote.

A

Penicillamine

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9
Q

Cyanide toxicity anti-dote.

A

Nitrite + thiosulfate, hydroxocobalamine

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10
Q

Digitalis toxicity anti-dote.

A

Anti-dig Fab fragments

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11
Q

Heparin toxicity anti-dote.

A

protamine sulfate

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12
Q

Iron toxicity anti-dote.

A

Deferoxamine, deferasirox

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13
Q

Lead toxicity anti-dote.

A

EDTA, dimercaprol, succimer, penicillamine

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14
Q

Mercury, arsenic, gold toxicity anti-dote.

A

Dimercaprol, succimer

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15
Q

Methanol, ethylene glycol (anti-freeze) toxicity anti-dote.

A

Fomepizole> ethanol, dialysis

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16
Q

Methemoglobin toxicity anti-dote.

A

Methylene blue, Vitamin C.

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17
Q

opioid toxicity anti-dote.

A

naloxone.

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18
Q

salicylate toxicity anti-dote.

A

NaHCO3 (alkalinize urine), dialysis.

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19
Q

TCA toxicity anti-dote.

A

NaHCO3 (plasma alkalinization).

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20
Q

tPA, streptokinase, urokinase toxicity anti-dote.

A

Aminocaproic acid.

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21
Q

Warfarin toxicity anti-dote.

A

Vitamin K, plasma (if active bleeding).

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22
Q

can cause coronary vasospasm.

A

Cocaine, sumatriptan, ergot alkaloids.

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23
Q

can cause cutaneous flushing

A

vancomycin, adenosine, niacin, CCB

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24
Q

can cause dilated cardiomyopathy

A

doxorubicin, daunorubicin

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25
can cause torsades de pointes.
Class 3 (beta-blockers) and Class 1A (Na channel blockers: quinidine) anti-arrhythmics, macrolides, antipsychotics, TCAs.
26
can cause adrenocortical insufficiency.
glucocorticoid withdrawal
27
can cause hot flashes.
tamoxifen, clomiphene
28
can cause hyperglycemia.
Tacrolimus, Protease inhibitors, niacin, HCTZ, Beta-blockers, CS.
29
can cause hypothyroidism.
lithium, amiodarone, sulfonamides
30
can cause acute cholestatic hepatitis/jaundice
erythromycin
31
can cause diarrhea
metformin, erythromycin, colchicine, orlistat, acarbose
32
can cause focal to massive hepatic necrosis
Halothane, Amanita phalloides (death cap mushroom), Valproic acid, Acetaminophen
33
can cause hepatitis
isoniazid (INH)
34
can cause pancreatitis
didanosine, CS, alcohol, valproic acid, azathioprine, diuretics
35
can cause pseudomembranous colitis
Clindamycin, ampicillin, cephalosporins
36
can cause agranulocytosis.
Dapsone, Clozapine, carbamazepine, colchicine, methimazole, Propylthiouracil
37
can cause aplastic anemia
carbamazepine, methimazole, NSAIDs, Benzene, Chloramphenicol, Proplythiouracil
38
can cause direct coombs + hemolytic anemia
methyldopa, panicillin
39
can cause gray baby syndrome
chloramphenicol
40
can cause hemolysis in G6PD deficiency
INH, sulfonamides, dapsone, primaquine, aspirin, ibuprofen, nitrofurantoin
41
can cause Megaloblastic anemia
Phenytoin, methotrexate, sulfa drugs
42
can cause Thrombocytopenia
heparin, cimetidine
43
can cause thrombotic complications
OCPs (estrogen)
44
can cause fat redistribution
Protease inhibitors, glucocorticoids
45
can cause gingival hyperplasia
phenytoin, verapamil, cyclosporine, nifedipine
46
can cause hyperuricemia (gout)
pyrazinamide, thiazides, furosemide, niacin, cyclosporine
47
can cause myopathy
fibrates, niacin, colchicine, hydroxychloroquine, interferon-alpha, penicillamine, statins, GC
48
can cause osteoperosis
CS, heparin
49
can cause photosensitivity
Sulfonamides, amiodarone, tetracycline, 5-FU
50
can cause rash/stevens-johnson
anti-epileptic, allopurinol, sulfa drugs, penicillin
51
can cause SLE-like effects
Sulfa drugs, Hydralazine, INH, Procainamide, Phenytoin, Etanercept
52
can cause teeth discoloration
tetracyclines
53
can cause tendonitis, tendon rupture, and cartilage damage
Fluoroquinolones
54
can cause cinchonism (flushed and sweaty skin, tinnitus, blurred vision)
quinidine
55
can cause PArkinson-like syndrome
antipsychotics, reserpine, metoclopramide
56
can cause seizures
INH, Bupropion, Imipenem/cilastatin, Tramadol, Enflurane, Metoclopramide
57
can cause traditive dyskinesia
antipsychotics, metoclopramide
58
can cause diabetes insipidus
lithium, demeclocycline
59
can cause fanconi syndrome
expired tetracycline
60
can cause hemorrhagic cystitis
cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide
61
can cause interstitial nephritis
methicillin, NSAIDs, furosemide
62
can cause SIADH
carbamazepine, cyclophosphamide, SSRI
63
can cause dry cough
ACE inhibitor
64
can cause pulmonary fibrosis
Bleomycin, amiodarone, Busulfan, methotrexate
65
can cause antimuscarinic side effects
Atropine, TCA, H1-blockers, antipsychotics
66
can cause disulfiram-like rxn
Metronidazole, cephalosporins, griseofulvin, procarbazine, 1st-gen sulfonylureas
67
can cause nephrotoxicity/ototoxicity
aminoglycosides, vancomycin, loop diuretics, cisplatin
68
P450 inducers
Chronic alcohol, Modafinil, St. Johns Wart, Phenytoin, Phenobarbital, NEvirapine, Rifampin, Griseofulvin, Carbamazepine
69
P450 substrates
anti-epileptics, antidepressants, antipsychotics, anesthetics, theophylline, Warfarin, statins, OCPs
70
P450 inhibitors
acute alcohol abuse, gemfibrozil, ciprofloxacin, isoniazid, grapefruit juice, quinidine, amiodarone, ketoconazole, macrolides, sulfonamides, cimetidine, ritonavir
71
sulfa drugs
Probenecid, Furosemide, acetazolemide, celecoxib, thiazides, sulfonamide antibiotics, sulfasalazine, sulfonylureas.

Pharm (17 decks)

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