toxicology Flashcards
toxicology
the study of toxic and poisonous substances
poison
any substance whose chemcial action can damage body structures or impair body function
toxin
a poisonous substance produced by bacteria, animals, or plants that acts by changing the normal metabolism of cells or by destroying them.
substance abuse
the misuse of any substance to produce a desired effect.
overdose
An excessive quantity of a drug that, when taken or administered, can have toxic or lethal consequences.
ingestion
Swallowing; taking a substance by mouth.
antidote
A substance that is used to neutralize or counteract a poison.
material safety data sheet (MSDS)
A form, provided by manufacturers and compounders (blenders) of chemicals, containing information about the chemical composition, physical and chemical properties, health and safety hazards, emergency response, and waste disposal of a specific material; also known as a safety data sheet (SDS).
tolerance
The need for increasing amounts of a drug to obtain the same effect.
addiction
A state of overwhelming obsession or physical need to continue the use of a substance.
sedative
A substance that decreases activity and excitement.
hypnotic
A sleep-inducing effect or agent.
emisi
vomiting
hematemesis
vomiting blood
delirium tremens (DTs)
A severe withdrawal syndrome seen in alcoholics who are deprived of ethyl alcohol; characterized by restlessness, fever, sweating, disorientation, agitation, and seizures; can be fatal if untreated.
