Toxicology

Question 1

Cotinine

Answer 1

Other drugs of abuse

Question 2

Amphentamine

Answer 2

Stimulants

Question 3

Opiates

Answer 3

Narcotics

Question 4

Nortriptyline

Answer 4

Tricyclic Antidepressants

Question 5

Acetaminophen

Answer 5

Analgesics

Question 6

Lysergic acid diethyl amide (LSD)

Answer 6

Hallucinogens

Question 7

Desipramine

Answer 7

Tricyclic Antidepressants

Question 8

Ketamine

Answer 8

Other drugs of abuse

Question 9

MDMA (Ecstasy)

Answer 9

Stimulants

Question 10

Benzodiazepines

Answer 10

Depressants

Question 11

Cannabinoids (THC)

Answer 11

Hallucinogens

Question 12

Imipramine

Answer 12

Tricyclic Antidepressants

Question 13

Acetylsalicylic acid

Answer 13

Analgesics

Question 14

Methadone

Answer 14

Narcotics

Question 15

Cocaine

Answer 15

Stimulants

Question 16

Short- and long acting barbiturates

Answer 16

Depressants

Question 17

Phenothiazines

Answer 17

Other drugs of abuse

Question 18

Amitriptyline

Answer 18

Tricyclic Antidepressants

Question 19

Phencyclidine (PCP)

Answer 19

Hallucinogens

Question 20

Buprenorphine

Answer 20

Narcotics

Question 21

Methamphetamines

Answer 21

Stimulants

Question 22

How does carbon monoxide poisoning cause cause its clinical effects?

Answer 22

Dosage makes a difference; it holds on to hemoglobin more than oxygen so it cannot transport oxygen

Question 23

How do you calculate a percent alcohol concentration from a result of mg/dL?

Answer 23

• Divide alcohol (ETOH) in serum (mg/dL) by 1000

- Can use a breathalyzer result x 1000 = ETOH in mg/dL

Question 24

toxic metabolite of ethanol

Answer 24

acetaldehyde

Question 25

toxic metabolites of methanol

Answer 25

formaldehyde and formic acid

Question 26

toxic metabolite of isopropanol

Answer 26

acetone

Question 27

toxic metabolites of ethylene glycol

Answer 27

oxalic acid and formic acid

Question 28

Osmolal gap, anion gap, metabolic acidosis, acetone, and urinary oxalate crystals results for: -Methanol

Answer 28

O: increased/A: Increased/M:Present/Ace: Negative/Crys: None

Question 29

Osmolal gap, anion gap, metabolic acidosis, acetone, and urinary oxalate crystals results for: -Isopropanol

Answer 29

O: Increased/A: Normal/M: No/Ace: Positive/Crys:None

Question 30

Osmolal gap, anion gap, metabolic acidosis, acetone, and urinary oxalate crystals results for: -Ehanol

Answer 30

O: Increased/ A: Normal/ M: No/ Ace: Negative/ Crys: None

Question 31

Osmolal gap, anion gap, metabolic acidosis, acetone, and urinary oxalate crystals results for: -Ethylene glycol

Answer 31

O: Increased/ A: Increased/ M: Present/ Ace: Negative/ Crys: Present

Question 32

In volatile ingestion the anion gap is _________ if metabolized to acids

Answer 32

increased

Question 33

When metabolysis to acids occurs it lowers the ______

Answer 33

pH

Question 34

Who is prone to aluminum toxicity?

Answer 34

Dialysis and renal failure patients

Question 35

sources of lead in lead poisoning

Answer 35

heavy metal found in environment; lead based paint, dirt, lead crystal, lead pipes, ceramics

Question 36

Biosynthetic pathway inhibited in lead poisoning

Answer 36

Heme synthesis

Question 37

Five typical laboratory results seen in lead poisoning

Answer 37

increased blood lead, increased retics, basophilic stippling, increased Delta-ALA, and increased Zinc protoporphyrin

Question 38

Enzyme that decreases in organophosphate and carbamate poisoning

Answer 38

acetylcholinesterase

Question 39

six categories (plus maybe 1) of drugs of abuse

Answer 39

Stimulants, Depressants, Narcotics, Hallucinogens, Analgesics, Anti-depressants, (and Alcohol)

Question 40

Sixteen drugs that are typically included in a drug of abuse urine screening test

Answer 40

Barbiturates, amphetamine, ecstasy, methadone, cotinine, phencyclidine, tricyclic antidepressants, propoxyphene, benzodiazepine, cocaine, methamphetamines, opiates, oxycodone, marijuana, ketamine, and buprenorphine

Question 41

Names of commonly used opiates (8)

Answer 41

Morphine, codeine, propoxyphene, hydrocodone, meperidene, naloxone, heroin, and methadone

Question 42

Screening (qualitative) tests for DOA (3)

Answer 42

immunoassays, "spot" urine tests, thin layer chromatography (TLC)

Question 43

Confimatory (quantitative) tests for DOA (3)

Answer 43

gas-liquid chromatography (GLC), high performance liqoid chromatography (HPLC), GC-MS