Toxicology

Question 1

describe the opiate toxidrome

```
HR/BP
(RR)
(T)
(pupils)
(bowel sounds)
(diaphoresis)
~~~

Answer 1

decreased HR and BP

decreased RR

decreased temp

pinpoint pupils

absent bowel sounds

decreased sweating

Question 2

describe the anticholinergic toxidrome

HR/BP
RR
T
pupils
bowel sounds
diaphoresis

Answer 2

increased HR and BP

no change RR

increased temp

dilated pupils

absent bowel sounds

decreased sweating

Question 3

give some drugs associated with the anticholinergic toxidrome

Answer 3

tricyclic antidepressants (amitryptyline, nortriptyline, chloripramine)
antihistamines

Question 4

describe the sympathomimetic toxidrome

HR/BP
RR
T
Pupils
BS
sweating

Answer 4

raised HR/BP

raised RR

raised temp

dilated pupils

normal bowel sounds

sweating

grinding teeth

Question 5

describe some drugs associated with the sympathomimetic toxidrome

Answer 5

amphetamines (adderall), cocaine, legal highs

Question 6

what is the most important marker of severity in opiate overdose

Answer 6

hyperthermia

Question 7

describe the sedative toxidrome

HR/BO
RR
T
Pupils
BS
Sweating

Answer 7

decreased HR/BP

decreased RR

decreased temp

no change in pupils

absent bowel sounds

no sweating

Question 8

describe the cholinergic toxidrome

HR/BP
RR
T
pupils
BS
sweating
other

Answer 8

no change HR/BP

no change RR

no change T

pinpoint pupils

bowel sounds present

diaphoresis

other: crying, runny nose, vomiting, frothing at the mouth, urination, diarrhoea