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RACP ED > Toxicology > Flashcards

Toxicology Flashcards

1
Q

Sulfonurea antidote?

A

Octreotide

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2
Q

Beta Blocker antidote?

A

Glucagon

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3
Q

Benzodiazipine antidote?

A

Flumazenil

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4
Q

Tricyclic antidote

A

Sodium Bicarbonate

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5
Q

Isoniazid antidote

A

Pyridoxine

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6
Q

Cholinergic Toxidrome?

A

WET
Organophosphate poisoning/Fungus/Sarin Gas/Novochok

Bradycardic/bronchospasm/bronchorrhea
Comatose
Sweating/crying/drooling/urination/diarrhoea/vomiting/tummy cramp “SLUDGE”
Little pupils

Rx: Atropine

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7
Q

Anticholinergic Toxidrome

A

Bella Donna, Atropine, Antihistamines, TCAs

Mad as hatter (agitated/vigilant)
Hot as hades (Hyperthermic)
Blind as bat (Mydriasis)
Red as beet
Dry as bone (Dry mucouse membrane)
Bowel and bladder lose their tone (retention)
Heart goes alone (tachycardia)
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8
Q

Antidote to Ethylene Glycol

A

Fomipazole
Ethanol
Sodium bicarbonate
Dialysis

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9
Q

Antidote to methemoglobinemia

A

Methylene Blue

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10
Q

Calcium Channel Blocker

A

Calcium gluconate
Calcium chloride
Then high dose insulin and titrate as a pressor

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11
Q

Antidote to hypertensive crisis?

A

Nitroprusside

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12
Q

Colchicine antidote?

A

Nil antidote
Charcoal decontamination

High mortality

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13
Q

Contraindication to charcoal?

A 
PHAILS
Pesticide - Petrol
Hydrocarbon - Heavy Metal - more than one Hour
Acid, Alkali, Alcohol
Iron
Lithium
Solvents

—

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14
Q

One Pill can Kill?

A

Colchicine

Sulfonurea

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15
Q

Two Pills can kill?

A

(ONE PILL Colchicine/Sulfonurea)

Then

Na Sodium Channel (TCA, Poropanolol, Chloroquine, Hydroxychloroquine, Atropine)
Ca Channel Blocker
Theophylline
Opiods
Amphetamine/Ecstacy
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16
Q

Extradural vs. Subdural in Emergency Medicine?

A

Extradural - Trauma - Lentiform (Lens/Lemon shaped/Biconvex) - confined via periosteum
Occur
Arterial
Injury, Loss of conciousness, recovery, progressive worsening “Lucid Interval”

Vs.

Falls, NAI,
“Banana shaped” as occur in subdural (aka crossing sutures)
gradual GCS with increasing mass effect

17
Q

Neurogenic Shock?

A

Spinal lesion above T5
Imbalanced parasympathetic drive

Hypotensive
Vasodilated
Bradycardic
Inadequate cardiac output

Weeks to resolve

18
Q

Signs of anaphylaxsis?

What changes with insect sting?

A

Respiratory or Cardiac in setting of exposure/urticaria/angioedema/GI Sx

Insect sting + GI Sx is sufficeient for

///

Uniphasic 95%
Biphasic (rebound) 5% - more often if needed more adrenaline/fluids

Protracted - Adrenaline infusion for days in PICU

RACP ED (1 decks)

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