Toxicology Prac Set Flashcards
(81 cards)
Which drug is associated with Phocomelia, a congenital deformity wherein the extremities of a child failed
to develop is usually associated with this drug that was previously used to relieve headache among
pregnant women?
Thalidomide
A term that refers to A small change in the dose results in a significant change in the response that may lead
to danger of toxicity.
Steep slope of the dose-response curve
These factors determine the risk of toxicity from repeated exposure to toxic substances.
A. Dose
B. dosing interval
C. genetic predisposition
D. two of the items
E. all of the items
E. all of the items
It is the causative agent of Minamata disease wherein the villagers manifested with CNS toxicity.
Mercury
A case of poisoning had happened where a patient was drinking milk tea and suddenly, he felt nauseated,
dizzy, lacks muscle coordination, drooling, depression, and slurred speech. Police report showed that the
milk tea was mixed with ethylene glycol. Knowing that ethylene glycol is metabolized by the alcohol
dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase, what agent can be given to the patient to prevent further
damage to the organ?
You should give fomepizole to inactivate the alcohol dehydrogenase and thus preventing the metabolic
activation of ethylene glycol
Which of the following plant species is known to cause cardiac arrhythmias on ingestion?
a. Dieffenbachia
b. Phytolacca americana
c. Digitalis purpurea
d. Pteridium aquilinum
e. Cicuta maculate
Digitalis purpurea
A patient is brought to the emergency department having taken an overdose (unknown quantity) of a
sustained-release preparation of theophylline by oral administration 2 h previously. He has marked
gastrointestinal distress with vomiting, is agitated, and exhibits hyperreflexia and hypotension. Which
among the drugs given below can be used as short-acting antidote to reduce tachycardia?
Esmolol
A patient was rushed to the emergency room due to the uncontrolled capillary bleeding of his nose. You
had noticed on his patient medical history that the patient had undergone Coronary Angioplasty Bypass
Grafting with stenting. To prevent the occurrence of the cardiovascular accidents such as heart attack and
stroke, the patient was given with Drug X. What should be the antidote to be given to the patient?”
Vitamin K
An 18-month-old boy presented in a semiconscious state with profound hypotension and bradycardia after
ingesting several metoprolol tablets. Which among the drugs given below is the most appropriate antidote
for this case?
Glucagon
A patient was rushed into the emergency room due to uncontrolled high blood pressure, severe headache,
joint and muscle pain, mood disorders, abdominal pain, and difficulty to concentrate. Upon careful
interview with the patient, you confirmed that he was working as a gasoline boy during night and a painter
during the day. Which among the drugs given below can be given as an antidote the patient?
EDTA
A patient was rushed into the emergency room. His wife reported that her husband was unresponsive to her
call to eat dinner. Upon careful checkup, you noticed the respiratory rate was around 5 to 7 cycles per
minute (normal: 12 to 16 cycle per minute). You utilized the pulse oximeter to check the oxygen saturation
level and you had noted that the result was 85%. Upon interview with the patient s wife, she said that her
husband is taking medication to help him sleep at night. What antidote should be given to the patient?”
Flumazenil
A patient was rushed to the emergency due to GI distress such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. He was
also suffering from drowsiness, fatigue, confusion, and visual disturbances. Upon initial checkup, you
noticed that his heart rate was 130 beats per minute and his blood pressure was 140/100. The patient was
initially diagnosed with congestive heart failure and was given an inotropic agent. What antidote can be
given to the patient, noting that the patient was also having a serum potassium level of 8 mmol/L (normal
3.6 to 5.2 mmol/L)?
A. Potassium chloride drip and Digi-Fab
B. Kalium Durules tablet and Digi-Fab
C. Calcium gluconate and Digi-Fab
D. Hemodialysis
Calcium gluconate and Digi-Fab
It refers to the clinical manifestation of heparin due to its platelet aggregation effect:
Thrombosis
Which of the following metals can cause hemolytic anemia through a non-oxidative process?
A. Mercury
B. Copper
C. Chromium
D. Both A and B
E. Both B and C
E. Both B and C
It refers to the clinical manifestation of GPIIb/IIIa antagonists due to its inhibition of platelet’s attachment to fibrinogen
Bleeding
Early exposure to which of the following teratogens is most often characterized by craniofacial dysmorphismm
Ethanol
Drug reactions that occur rarely and unpredictably amongst the population.
Idiosyncratic
Toxicant that acts on a kupffer cell:
Endotoxin
The following toxicants affect the bioactivation and detoxification activity of liver except:
Albumin
Which of the following correctly represents the order of frequency of involvement in systemic toxicity?
A. Central Nervous System (CNS) > Circulatory System > Blood > Visceral Organs
B. Visceral Organs > Blood > Circulatory System > Central Nervous System (CNS)
C. Blood > Circulatory System > Visceral Organs > Central Nervous System (CNS)
D. Circulatory System > CNS > Visceral Organs > Blood
A. Central Nervous System (CNS) > Circulatory System > Blood > Visceral Organs
Isoniazid is a medication used for tuberculosis treatment, while paracetamol is a commonly used analgesic and
antipyretic. Considering their metabolic pathways, how does isoniazid affect the risk of paracetamol toxicity?
An increase in isoniazid will increase the risk of paracetamol toxicity.
Which of the following is a common symptom of nickel exposure?
Contact dermatitis
Which of the following antidepressant agents exhibits an amphetamine-like CNS stimulation?
Tranylcypromine
These agents are associated with hepatic necrosis EXCEPT:
A. Aflatoxin B1
B. Galactosamine
C. Urethane
D. Polychlorinated biphenyls
E. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids
A. Aflatoxin B1
