toxocology Flashcards
When is charcoal used and how does it work for toxin ingestions?
blocks absorption of poisons. may repeat doses every few hrs. can’t be used for metals or alcohols
When is gastric lavage done for toxin ingestions?
usually reserved for intubated pts within 1 hr of ingestion
What is unique about organophosphates and how does it affect management?
can be absorbed through the skin, so all contaminated cloths should be removed from pts with this type of poisoning
What is the tx for acetaminophen poisoning?
N-acetylcysteine
What is the tx for CCB and BB poisoning?
glucagon, calcium, insulin, and dextrose
What is the tx for cyanide poisoning?
nitrates, hydroxocobalamin
What is the tx for heparin overdose?
protamine sulfate
what is the tx and manifestation of methanol poisoning?
HA, vision changes, dizziness. give ethanol, fomepizole, dialysis
What is the tx of salicylates?
N/V, tinnitus, hyperventiliation, metabolic acidosis. give charcoal, dialysis, sodium bicarb
What is the tx for sulfonylurea overdose?
octreotide and dextrose
What is the tx for tricyclic antidepressant overdose?
sodium bicarb, diazepam
What are the s/sx of ethylene glycol ingestion?
ataxia, hallucination, seizures, sweet breath. give ethanol, dialysis
What are the manifestations of organophosphate inotxiation?
diarrhea, urination, miosis, bronchospasm, bradycardia, excitation of skeletal muscle, lacrimation, sweating, and salivation. give atropine, pralidoxime
What is the tx for iron ingestion?
deferoxamine. iron causes nausea, constipation, hepatotoxicity
What is the tx for lead ingestion?
EDTA, dimercaprol. causes neuropathies, anemia
