Traditional Approach-PNF

Question 1

What was the original goal of the PNF

Answer 1

to lay down gross motor patterns within CNS

Question 2

PNF Premise:

Answer 2

stronger parts of body are used to stimulate weaker parts.

Normal movement requires balance of agonist & antagonist.

Question 3

Proprioceptive

Answer 3

having to do with the sensory receptors that provide information concerning movement and position of body

Question 4

Neuromuscular=

Answer 4

involving nerves and muscles

Question 5

Facilitation=

Answer 5

to make it easier

Question 6

Irradiation=

Answer 6

a CNS excitation, “overflow” phenomenon, purposefully directed toward a goal of treatment. Demand of one body part can cause movement or stability of another body part.

Question 7

Emphasizes of PNF

Answer 7

Uses normal developmental sequence

• Manual contacts and handling
• Short, concise verbal cues
• “Maximal” resistance through full pattern
• Sensory stimulation, especially proprioceptors
• Diagonal patterns that are functional.

Human motion occurs in spiral and diagonal patterns—functionally.

Question 8

PNF principals

Answer 8

Normal timing
&raquo_space;Distal to proximal activation

Traction: flexion or movement

Approximation: extension or stabilization

Verbal commands
&raquo_space;“MOVE” use crisp, clear, short cues
&raquo_space;“HOLD”– use long, more drawn out cues

Visual cues
&raquo_space;ask patient to watch their moving limb

Maximal resistance
&raquo_space;Appropriate resistance

Question 9

Rhythmic Initiation

Answer 9

passive to active assistive to resistive. VERY helpful as patients are learning new patterns or functional skills

MOBILITY

Question 10

Replication (HRAM)

Answer 10

teaching a movement= place patient in the “end” position where all agonists are shortened. Patient HOLDs while therapist assists all components. Ask patient to relax– move them passively in the opposite direction then actively move to the end position. Repeat whole procedure through progressively increasing ROM.

MOBILITY

Question 11

Agonist reversal/Combination of Isotonics

Answer 11

Asking the patient to move between 3 different types of isotonic contractions: concentric, maintained (isometric) and eccentric
Concentric: stand up
Maintained: stay standing
Eccentric: sit down slowly
The same could be used for any functional activity, diagonal patterns or components of diagonal patterns.

CONTROLLED MOBILITY/SKILL

Question 12

Alternating Isometrics (Stabilizing reversal- isotonic)

Answer 12

patient pushes into your hand– you allow only minimal movement “push”

STABILITY

Question 13

Rhythmic Stabilization (Stabilizing reversal- isometric)

Answer 13

patient holds against your resistance “HOLD”

STABILITY

Question 14

The new PNF techniques involve:

Answer 14

Rhythmic Rotation
Slow Reversal (Dynamic Reversal)
Slow Reversal Hold
Resisted Progression

Question 15

Rhythmic Rotation

Answer 15

A passive technique used to decrease hypertonia by slowly rotating an extremity around the longitudinal axis.
Relaxation of the extremity will help to increase range of motion

MOBILITY

Question 16

Slow Reversal (Dynamic Reversal)

Answer 16

A technique of slow and resisted concentric contractions of agonist and antagonists around a joint without a rest between reversals.
Used to improve the control of movement and posture

move hands on this one
STABILITY
CONTROLLED MOBILITY
SKILL

Question 17

Slow reversal Hold

Answer 17

Using slow reversal with the addition of an isometric contraction that is performed at the end of each movement in order to gain stability.

STABILITY
CONTROLLED MOBILITY
SKILL

Question 18

Resisted Progression

Answer 18

A technique used to emphasize coordination of proximal components during gait.
Resistance is applied to an area such as the pelvis, hips , or extremity during the gait cycle in order to enhance coordination, strength or endurance.

SKILL
applying resistance midstance phase w protracted hip for hemi

Question 19

Stages of Motor Control

Answer 19

Mobility
The ability to initiate a movement through the functional ROM.

Stability
The ability to maintain a position or posture through co-contraction and tonic holding around a joint. (example: unsupported sitting with midline control)

Controlled Mobility
The ability to move within a weight bearing position or rotate around a long axis. (example: prone on elbows or quadriped weight shifting)

Skill
The ability to move an extremity free in space. (example: reaching, stepping)

Question 20

Techniques: Mobility

KNOW

Answer 20

Those techniques that initiate movement or increase ROM

Contract Relax
Hold Relax
Rhythmic Rotation
Rhythmic Initiation
HRAM (replication)

Question 21

Techniques: stability

KNOW

Answer 21

Stabilizing Reversals

Alternating Isometrics
Rhythmic Stabilization

Slow reversal
Slow reversal hold

Question 22

Techniques: controlled mobility

KNOW

Answer 22

Agonist Reversals
Slow Reversal
Slow Reversal Hold

Question 23

Techniques: SKILL

KNOW

Answer 23

Agonist Reversal
Resisted Progression

Slow Reversal
Slow Reversal Hold