Traditional Massage and Trigger Points Flashcards
Traditional Massage
Effleurage
Petrissage
Percussion
Vibration (clapping, beating, hacking, vibration, shaking)
Deep Friction
Transverse Friction Massage (Cyriax)
- superficial tissue layer rolled rapidly across deeper tissue (doubled finger, thumb, elbow/ strokes perpendicular to tissue fibers/duration 5-20 minutes)
to promote healing, normal collagen alignment, reduce adhesions and fibrosis
- circular friction
- parallel friction (stripping)
Evidence for Transverse friction massage
Conflicting.
- no clear benefit in ITBS or tennis elbow (earlier than following studies)
- effective with tennis elbow
- dec pain 30 min vs placebo and control
- inc grip with forearm effleurage
Supported in laboratory
Scar Moblization
scar can be a source of myofascial pain and dysfuncttion
- begin when incision healed (no earlier than 4 days)
- approximate scar to prevent dehiscence or traction scar
- mobilize to end range in all directions to reduce fibrosis
Myofascial Trigger Points Definition
- a hyperirritable spot within taut myofascial band
- painful upon compression
- touch generates local twitch response
- refers pain in characteristic pattern
- pain upon stretch; weakness without atrophy
- possible autonomic phenomena
Active Trigger point
found in taut band of muscle
painful with postures or muscle stretch
exquisitely painful upon palpation
biomechanically different than latent or absent TP
Latent TP
painful only when palpated
Satellite TP
activated in the referral zone of another active TP
Primary TP
activated in muscle by acute or chronic overload
Secondary TP
activated in muscle by synergist or antagonist muscle
Outcomes after MM
parasympathetic response - increase BP in normals decreased pain increased ROM increased strength? increased function
Fibromyalgia diagnostic criteria
widespread pain of > 3months
11 or more of 18 diagnostic tender points
histology, radiology, lab?
massage therapy has short term pain decrease (<6 months)
