TRAFFIC STUDIES

Question 1

Generally involve time and may entail much cost; therefore it is necessary to plan all data collections carefully

Answer 1

Traffic Studies

Question 2

These are carried out to analyze traffic characteristics

Answer 2

Traffic Studies

Question 3

Helps in geometric design and traffic control for a safe and efficient traffic movement

Answer 3

Traffic Studies

Question 4

Types of Traffic Studies

Answer 4

Volume Studies
Spot Speed Studies
Travel Time and Delay Studies

Question 5

Conducted to obtain factual information on the number of vehicles and/or persons passing at a specified point on a highway system

Answer 5

Volume Studies

Question 6

Resulting volume data are expressed in relation to time

Answer 6

Volume Studies

Question 7

Types of Volume

Answer 7

Annual Traffic
AADT
Hourly Traffic
Short-Term Count

Question 8

Types of Collected Data for Volume Studies

Answer 8

Mid-block Counts
Directional Counts
Turning/.Intersection Counts
Classification Counts
Cordon Counts
Screen Line Counts

Question 9

Used to determine annual travel, estimate expected highway user revenue, and compute accident rates

Answer 9

Annual Traffic

Question 10

Used to measure present demand for service by road, programming capital improvements

Answer 10

Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT)

Question 11

Used to evaluate capacity deficiencies, geometric design, or improvement of streets and intersections

Answer 11

Hourly Traffic

Question 12

Used to estimate maximum flow rate, determine characteristic of peak hour volumes

Answer 12

Short term Count

Question 13

Total volume counted over one year divided by the number of days in a year

Answer 13

Average Annual Daily Traffic (AADT)

Question 14

Obtained through traffic volume counts over a number of days (at least 2 days and less than 365 days)

Answer 14

Average Daily Traffic (ADT)

Question 15

Useful in highway planning and maintenance or repairs of roads but cannot be used for design or operational analysis

Answer 15

Daily Volumes

Question 16

Identifies vehicle types by number of axles and distance between axles

Answer 16

Classification Counts

Question 17

Used for determining modal spilt, estimating effects of heavy vehicles on capacity, determining correction factors for automatic counts

Answer 17

Classification Counts

Question 18

A classified count taken at some points along a line (imaginary) bisecting a given area: man-made or natural barriers are used

Answer 18

Screen Line Counts

Question 19

Data is used to compare traffic capacities in the path of traffic flow

Answer 19

Screen Line Counts

Question 20

AKA Road volume data report or Link Counts

Answer 20

Mid-Block Counts

Question 21

Used for preparing traffic flow maps determining trends

Answer 21

Mid-Block Counts

Question 22

Measured the total vehicle volume and vehicle classification

Answer 22

Mid-Block Counts

Question 23

Directional distribution for capacity analysis

Answer 23

Directional Counts

Question 24

Used for signal timing and justifying traffic control

Answer 24

Directional Counts

Question 25

Used to determine the number of vehicles and/or persons entering and leaving an enclosed area

Answer 25

Cordon Counts

Question 26

Includes directional traffic counts at selected sites

Answer 26

Cordon Counts

Question 27

Enumerates number of left-turn, right-turn, U-turn, and through movements for each approach made by vehicles or pedestrians

Answer 27

Turning Movement Count

Question 28

Design or improvement of geometry of intersections, signal installation and timing, pavement markings etc

Answer 28

Turning Movement Count

Question 29

Used for planning turning prohibitions and analyzing high accident intersections

Answer 29

Turning Movement Count

Question 30

Usually done midnight to midnight

Answer 30

24 hr count

Question 31

Represents most of daily flow and night traffic

Answer 31

16 hr count

Question 32

When is a 16 hr count usually done

Answer 32

From 6 am to 10 pm

Question 33

Covers most of daytime traffic

Answer 33

12 hr count

Question 34

When is a 12 hr count usually done

Answer 34

From 6 am to 6 pm

Question 35

Done at time intervals of very high traffic volume

Answer 35

Peak Period Counts

Question 36

Intervals of 5-15 minutes for about one hour or less

Answer 36

Short Counts

Question 37

Used to analyze peak hours characteristics

Answer 37

Short Counts

Question 38

Simplest and most practical method in the absence of any mechanical or automatic counting device

Answer 38

Tallying

Question 39

Mechanical device useful when volume is high May be single or multiple type

Answer 39

Manual Counters

Question 40

Traffic count of very long duration Used through the use of detectors

Answer 40

Automatic Counters

Question 41

Counts may be carried out through tallying or manual method while watching video or footage of traffic flow

Answer 41

Video Cameras

Question 42

Presentation of Traffic Volume

Answer 42

Variations Traffic Flow Maps Intersection Diagrams

Question 43

Spot Speed Studies Objectives: a) Determine ____ and ____ of speeds as a basis for formulating the design standards b) Establish ____ and ____ speed limits c) Determine need for posting ___________ d) Determine need for _________ e) Evaluate performance of a _____ improvement or traffic control device through a ______ study

Answer 43

a) Range; Magnitude b) Maximum; Minimum c) Advisory Speed Designs d) School Zone Protection e) Geometric; Before and After

Question 44

Spot Speed Studies Time of Study: a) Period during which speeds are measured depends on the _____ of the study b) Duration of the study should be around ____ hour c) Short study period often lead to bias towards ____ vehicles

Answer 44

a) Purpose b) One c) Faster

Question 45

Radar Speed Meter: The radar is positioned at the ___ of the roadway at an angle of ___ degrees with the ____ and is directed toward the incoming vehicles

Answer 45

Edge 15 Centerline

Question 46

2 lines, 30-50m, apart are drawn transversely on the pavement

Answer 46

Trap Length Method 1

Question 47

Common error in most visual methods of surveys

Answer 47

Parallax

Question 48

Take video of the traffic flor and put markers on roadside or monitor

Answer 48

Trap Length Method 2

Question 49

Total elapsed time necessary for a vehicle to travel from one point to another over a specified route under existing traffic conditions

Answer 49

Travel Time

Question 50

Extra time spent by drivers against their expectation Time is lost to travel because of traffic frictions and control devices

Answer 50

Delay

Question 51

Data obtained from _____ give a good indication of (performance) level of service on the study section

Answer 51

Travel time and delay studies

Question 52

Cause of Delay: PED

Answer 52

Pedestrians

Question 53

Cause of Delay: BP

Answer 53

Buses Un/Loading

Question 54

Cause of Delay: JB

Answer 54

PUJ Un/Loading

Question 55

Cause of Delay: PM

Answer 55

parking Manuevers

Question 56

Cause of Delay: LT

Answer 56

Left Turn

Question 57

Cause of Delay: PC

Answer 57

Parked Vehicles

Question 58

Cause of Delay: DP

Answer 58

Double Parking

Question 59

Cause of Delay: S

Answer 59

Traffic Signal

Question 60

Cause of Delay: SS

Answer 60

Stop Sign

Question 61

Cause of Delay: T

Answer 61

General Congestion

Question 62

Conducted when delay details are unimportant

Answer 62

License Plate Method