Trait Theory (McCrae & Costa) – Five-Factor Model (OCEAN)

Question 1

What does OCEAN stand for?

Answer 1

Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism.

Question 2

What is openness associated with?

Answer 2

Imagination, feelings, actions, ideas.

Question 3

What is conscientiousness associated with?

Answer 3

Competence, self-discipline, thoughtfulness, goal-driven behavior.

Question 4

What is extraversion associated with?

Answer 4

Sociability, assertiveness, emotional expression.

Question 5

What is agreeableness associated with?

Answer 5

Compassion, cooperation, trustworthiness, being good-natured.

Question 6

What is neuroticism associated with?

Answer 6

Emotional instability, anxiety.

Question 7

What influences personality in the five-factor model?

Answer 7

Both genetics and environment.

Question 8

How is personality measured in trait theory?

Answer 8

Personality tests and analysis of data from these tests.

Question 9

What are the strengths of trait theory?

Answer 9

💡 - Cross-culturally universal.
💡 - Combines nature and nurture as measurable traits.
💡 - Considered the best self-assessment test.

Question 10

What are the weaknesses of trait theory?

Answer 10

💡 - Self-reported data may be biased or inaccurate.
💡 - People may receive results they dislike.