transcription and translation

Question 1

why is transcription needed

Answer 1

DNA too large to pass out through the nuclear pores to attach to the ribsomes in the cytoplasm

Question 2

define transcription

Answer 2

the process where DNA produces pre-MRNA

Question 3

what are the enzymes used in transcription

Answer 3

Rna polymerase

Question 4

what two jobs does RNA polymerase do

Answer 4

unzips the DNA helicase - braking the hydrogen bonds
catalyses the condensation of phosphodiester bonds between nucleotides

Question 5

what happens when rna polymerase unzips the helix

Answer 5

hydrogen bonds break

Question 6

what happens to the exposed h bonds

Answer 6

free RNA nucleotide will base pair with complementary bases

Question 7

how do the nucleotides bond

Answer 7

rna polymerase catalyses a condensation reaction of phosphodiester bonds between base pairs

Question 8

what bonds form between base pairs

Answer 8

phosphodiester

Question 9

what does this lead to

Answer 9

splicing

Question 10

what is splicing

Answer 10

removing introns

Question 11

what does removing the introns form

Answer 11

mature MRNA

Question 12

what is translation

Answer 12

where Mrna is turned into proteins

Question 13

where does translation occur

Answer 13

in a ribsome

Question 14

what happens in the ribsome

Answer 14

ribsome binds to MRNA and attaches to start codon

Question 15

what then moves toward the ribsome

Answer 15

Trna molecule

Question 16

what does this trna molecule have

Answer 16

a complementory anticodon

Question 17

what does this anticodon do

Answer 17

pairs with the codon on the MRNA

Question 18

what does each trna molecule carry

Answer 18

an amino acid

Question 19

what the third step

Answer 19

anouther trna molecule binds to mrna condon carrying anouther amino acid

Question 20

why do the trna molecules come

Answer 20

they are attracted to the ribsome

Question 21

what does the ribsome do to ensure constant trna

Answer 21

it moves down the mrna

Question 22

what then happens to the amino acids

Answer 22

they are then attached by a peptide bond

Question 23

what then happens causing the first amino acid to be released

Answer 23

the ribsome moves along the mrna to the third condon causing the first Trna to be released

Question 24

what causes it to stop

Answer 24

the stop codon

Question 25

what does this form

Answer 25

a protien

Question 26

where does this protien travel to

Answer 26

the golgi appartatus

Question 27

what is the role of the golgi apparatus

Answer 27

to package and synthesis proteins